{"id":5944,"date":"2020-12-22T00:37:37","date_gmt":"2020-12-21T20:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yusif.az\/main\/?p=5944"},"modified":"2020-12-22T00:49:37","modified_gmt":"2020-12-21T20:49:37","slug":"az%c9%99rbaycan-dili-qizil-qaydalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yusif.az\/main\/?p=5944","title":{"rendered":"AZ\u018fRBAYCAN D\u0130L\u0130- Q\u0131z\u0131l Qaydalar"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

AZ\u018fRBAYCAN D\u0130L\u0130- Q\u0131z\u0131l Qaydalar<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Fonetika<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Fonetikada n\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilir?
\n– dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q s\u0259sl\u0259ri<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. Ah\u0259ng qanunu, heca v\u0259 vur\u011fu :
\n– fonetikan\u0131n m\u00f6vzular\u0131na daxildir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3. Dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz etdiyimiz s\u0259sl\u0259r:
\n-dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q s\u0259sl\u0259ri adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4. Dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q s\u0259sl\u0259ri iki yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. Saitl\u0259r
\n2. Samitl\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

5.Saitl\u0259r:
\n-Dilimizd\u0259 9 sait var: a, e, \u0259, i, \u0131, o, \u00f6, u, \u00fc<\/p>\n

5a.Yaranma v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 saitl\u0259rin 3 b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc var:
\n1. Qal\u0131n saitl\u0259r: a, \u0131, o, u \u0130nc\u0259 saitl\u0259r: e, \u0259, i, \u00f6, \u00fc<\/p>\n

2. Qapal\u0131 saitl\u0259r: \u0131, i, \u0131\u0131, ii A\u00e7\u0131q saitl\u0259r: a, \u0259, e, o, \u00f6<\/p>\n

3. Dodaqlanan saitl\u0259r: o, \u00f6, u, ii Dodaqlanmayan saitl\u0259r: a, e, \u0259, \u0131, i<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6.Samitl\u0259r:
\nSamitl\u0259r 2 yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. Cingintili samitl\u0259r:b, q, v, \u011f, d, j, z, y, g, c, I, m, n, r, –
\n2. Kar samitl\u0259r: p, k, f, x, t, \u015f, s, x, k, \u00e7, -, -,. -, – , h<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7. Ah\u0259ng qanunu :
\n-S\u00f6zd\u0259 qal\u0131n v\u0259 ya inc\u0259 saitl\u0259rin bir- birini izl\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 ah\u0259ng qanunu deyilir. Ah\u0259ng qanununa g\u00f6r\u0259 s\u00f6z qal\u0131n saitli heca il\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131rsa sonrak\u0131 hecalar da qal\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: ya-z\u0131-\u00e7\u0131-lar. Eyni hal inc\u0259 saitli s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 aiddir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u0259- kin-\u00e7i-l\u0259-ri-miz.<\/p>\n

8. Qo\u015fasaitli s\u00f6zl\u0259rin \u00e7oxunun yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz\u00fc f\u0259rql\u0259nir:
\n1. Eynicinsli qo\u015fa saitl\u0259ri ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n iki h\u0259rf bir uzun sait kimi t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: maa\u015f-(ma:\u015f), camaat-(cama:t), t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf-(t\u0259:ss\u00fcf, m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259-(m\u0259tb\u0259:), b\u0259dii-(b\u0259d\u0131:).
\n2. T\u0259rkibind\u0259 ai, \u0259i, i\u0259 h\u0259rf birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r bu saitl\u0259r aras\u0131na y samiti \u0259lav\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: ail\u0259-(ayil\u0259), daimi- (dayimi), z\u0259if-(z\u0259yif), S\u0259id\u0259- (S\u0259yid\u0259), t\u0259bi\u0259t-(t\u0259biy\u0259t), m\u00fcdafi\u0259- (m\u00fcdafiy\u0259).
\n3. T\u0259rkibind\u0259 \u0259a, \u00fca, \u00fc\u0259 h\u0259rf birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri olan s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259 birinci sait deyilmir ikincisi is\u0259 bir q\u0259d\u0259r uzun t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: s\u0259ad\u0259t-(sa:d\u0259t), m\u00fcavin-(ma:vin), m\u00fcalic\u0259-(ma:lic\u0259), m\u00fc\u0259llim- (m\u0259:llim).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

9.Qo\u015fasamitli s\u00f6zl\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz\u00fc:
\n1. Eynicinsli qo\u015fa kk, pp, tt h\u0259rfl\u0259ri il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259 ikinci kar samit onun cingiltili qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: s\u0259kkiz- (s\u0259kgiz), m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b-(m\u00fcr\u0259kg\u0259b), tapp\u0131lt\u0131- (tapb\u0131lt\u0131), hoppanmaq- (hopbanmax), \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259-(\u0259lb\u0259td\u0259).
\n2. Eynicinsli qo\u015fa qq h\u0259rfl\u0259ri il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259 birinci onun kar qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: diqq\u0259t-(dikq\u0259t), doqquz- (dokquz), toqqa-(tokqa).<\/p>\n

10. Heca n\u0259dir?
\n-T\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz zaman\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fcn asanl\u0131qla b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259n hiss\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 heca deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: v\u0259-t\u0259n, a-zad-l\u0131q, dil-\u00e7i-lik. Hecan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131nda saitl\u0259r dayan\u0131r. S\u00f6zd\u0259 ne\u00e7\u0259 sait varsa; o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 heca var. Heca bir saitd\u0259n d\u0259 ibar\u0259t olur.S\u00f6zl\u0259rin daxilind\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259n 4 samitd\u0259n ikisi \u0259vv\u0259linci saitl\u0259, ikisi is\u0259 sonrak\u0131 saitl\u0259 qovu\u015fur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: eks-press, trans- kripsiya, abs-trakt.<\/p>\n

11. Vur\u011fu n\u0259dir?
\n-S\u00f6zd\u0259 hecalardan birinin o birin\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha q\u00fcvv\u0259tli deyilm\u0259si vur\u011fu adlan\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u015fahin, Az\u0259rbaycan, azadl\u0131q, atlaz, bayaq, d\u00fcn\u0259n, niy\u0259, sonra.<\/p>\n

Leksika<\/strong><\/p>\n

12. Dild\u0259ki s\u00f6zl\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 birlikd\u0259 dilin leksikas\u0131n\u0131 (l\u00fc\u011f\u0259t t\u0259rkibini) t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Dilimizd\u0259ki s\u00f6zl\u0259rin \u00e7oxunun h\u0259m leksik, h\u0259m d\u0259 qrammatik m\u0259nas\u0131 vard\u0131r. S\u00f6z\u00fcn birba\u015fa ifad\u0259 etdiyi m\u0259naya :
\n-onun leksik m\u0259nas\u0131 deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: q\u0259l\u0259m s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn leksik m\u0259nas\u0131 yaz\u0131 al\u0259tidir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

13. S\u00f6z\u00fcn qrammatik m\u0259nas\u0131 :
\n-hans\u0131 nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 aid olmas\u0131n\u0131 bildirir.<\/p>\n

14. S\u00f6z\u00fcn ilkin \u0259sas m\u0259nas\u0131:
\n-onun h\u0259qiqi m\u0259nas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: d\u0259mir qap\u0131, da\u015f divar s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki birinci t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r h\u0259qiqi m\u0259nada i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

15. S\u00f6z\u00fcn sonradan qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259 m\u0259nas\u0131 :
\n-onun m\u0259cazi m\u0259nas\u0131 adlan\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: d\u0259mir irad\u0259, da\u015f \u00fcr\u0259k birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki birinci t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r-d\u0259mir da\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259ri b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259 yolu il\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

16. Yaln\u0131z bir leksik m\u0259nas\u0131 olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259:
\n-t\u0259km\u0259nal\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: d\u0259niz\u00e7i, s\u0259kkiz, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u00e7\u0131n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

17. Eyni leksik m\u0259na il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 yax\u0131n m\u0259nada i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259:
\n-\u00e7oxm\u0259nal\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n ayaq, a\u011f\u0131z, dil, bo\u011faz
\nH\u0259qiqi m\u0259nada: M\u0259cazi m\u0259nada:
\nAyaq-u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n aya\u011f\u0131 k\u0259ndin aya\u011f\u0131 A\u011f\u0131z-qu\u015fun a\u011fz\u0131
\nbaltan\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131 Almaq-kitab almaq x\u0259b\u0259r almaq
\nTutmaq-topu tutmaq fikiri tutmaq
\nAc\u0131-ac\u0131 d\u0259rman ac\u0131
\nxatir\u0259
\n\u00c7oxm\u0259nal\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r eyni bir nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 aid olur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

18. Deyili\u015fi il\u0259 yazl\u0131\u015f\u0131 eyni olan, lakin leksik m\u0259nalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259 deyilir?
\nomoniml\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n
\nBa\u011f-meyv\u0259 a\u011faclar\u0131 \u0259kilmi\u015f sah\u0259, ayaqqab\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011flamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ip
\n\u015eam-ax\u015fam yem\u0259yi; a\u011fac Ay-yerin peyki; 30 g\u00fcn \u018fqr\u0259b-h\u0259\u015f\u0259rat; saat\u0131n mili Al\u0131\u015fmaq-yanmaq; \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k
\nYa\u015f-n\u0259m islanm\u0131\u015f; insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

19.Yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 eyni olan lakin edilm\u0259y\u0259n olunmayan v\u0259
\n-Xeyr. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: alma (isim), alma (fel); \u0259kin (isim), \u0259kin (fel); dimdik (isim), dimdik (sif\u0259t)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

20. Adlar omonimlik yarad\u0131rm\u0131?
\n-Xeyr.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k, Ulduz, Yaqut<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

21. Yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 deyili\u015fi eyni olmayan eyni v\u0259 yax\u0131n m\u0259nalar\u0131 bildir\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259 deyilir?
\n– sinoniml\u0259r
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u00fcr\u0259k-k\u00f6n\u00fcl -q\u0259lb, iri-b\u00f6y\u00fck- yek\u0259, oturmaq-\u0259yl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k
\nSinoniml\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r eyni nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 aid olur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

22. Bi, s\u0131z, la sinonim \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7il\u0259ri il\u0259 yaranan s\u00f6zl\u0259r:
\nsinonim deyil. M\u0259s\u0259t\u0259n: biv\u0259fa- v\u0259fazs\u0131z<\/p>\n

23. Bir-birin\u0259 zidd \u0259ks olan m\u0259nalar\u0131 bildir\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259 deyilir?
\n– antoniml\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: yer-g\u00f6y, qa\u00e7maq-dayanmaq, gec\u0259-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz, igid- qorxaq Antoniml\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r eyni bir nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 aid olur.<\/p>\n

24. M\u0259nas\u0131 ham\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n anla\u015f\u0131lan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259 deyilir?
\n– \u00fcmumi\u015fl\u0259k s\u00f6zl\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

25. Dilimizd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti:
\n– ham\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn anla\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 olan \u00fcmumi\u015fl\u0259k s\u00f6zl\u0259rdir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: od, su, hava, torpaq<\/p>\n

26.Ham\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259y\u0259n olunmayan v\u0259 anla\u015f\u0131lmayan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 :
\n-\u00fcmumi\u015fl\u0259k olmayan s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir.<\/p>\n

27. \u00dcmumi\u015fl\u0259k olmayan s\u00f6zl\u0259r:anla\u015f\u0131lmayan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 :
\n-\u00fcmumi\u015fl\u0259k olmayan s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir.<\/p>\n

2 qrupa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. Dialekt s\u00f6zl\u0259ri
\n2. Terminl\u0259r (ixtisas s\u00f6zl\u0259r)<\/p>\n

28. Dialekt s\u00f6zl\u0259r
\n-Yaln\u0131z ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259 v\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 dailekt s\u00f6zl\u0259ri deyilir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: d\u00f6\u015f\u0259kc\u0259-nimd\u0259r, man\u015f\u0131rlamaq-ni\u015fanlamaq, \u0259pp\u0259k- \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k, g\u0259v\u0259z\u0259-bo\u015fbo\u011faz, doqqaz- d\u00f6\u015f\u0259kc\u0259, \u0259lardan-d\u0259smal.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

29. Terminl\u0259r (ixtisas s\u00f6zl\u0259ri):
\n-M\u00fcxt\u0259lif ixtisas v\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259 sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 aid s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 terminl\u0259r deyilir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: frazeologiya, m\u00fcbt\u0259da,orfoepiya,s\u00fcjet, subtropik
\nTerminl\u0259rd\u0259n elmi \u00fcslubda daha \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

30. Yeni s\u00f6zl\u0259r (neologizml\u0259r):
\n-\u0130ctimai h\u0259yat d\u0259yi\u015fdikc\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n yenilikl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olaraq dild\u0259n ayr\u0131- ayr\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f hadis\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 bildir\u0259n yeni s\u00f6zl\u0259r yaran\u0131r. Bel\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 yeni s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: soyad, a\u00e7\u0131qca, printer, cang\u00fcd\u0259n, b\u00f6lg\u0259, kompyuter, mer, spiker, menecer
\nYeni s\u00f6zl\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131 daha \u00e7ox elm v\u0259 texnikan\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

31. K\u00f6hn\u0259lmi\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259r:
\n-Dilin l\u00fc\u011f\u0259t t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki b\u0259zi s\u00f6zl\u0259r zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 unudulur v\u0259 \u00fcmumi\u015fl\u0259k x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tini itirir. Bel\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259lmi\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:
\nK\u0259ndxuda-k\u0259nd icra n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si
\nBaqqal-\u0259rzaq mallar\u0131 satan d\u00fckan\u00e7\u0131
\nYasavul-polis n\u0259f\u0259ri N\u0259sn\u0259-\u015fey
\nAltun-q\u0131z\u0131l<\/p>\n

32. Dilimizd\u0259ki s\u00f6zl\u0259r:
\n-m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 2 qrupa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: \u018fsl Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6zl\u0259ri, al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259r. Ba\u015fqa xalqlarla m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 dilimiz\u0259 \u00e7oxlu al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259r d\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

33. Al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259r 2 qrupa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. \u018fr\u0259b v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259r
\n2. Avropa dill\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

34. Al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sl Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6zl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi olmayan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri bilm\u0259k z\u0259ruridir:
\n1. S\u00f6zd\u0259 2 saitin yana\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: ail\u0259, z\u0259if, sual
\n2. S\u00f6zd\u0259 uzun t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz olunan saitin i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: al\u0259m, m\u0259na, elan, s\u0259liq\u0259, m\u00f6t\u0259b\u0259r, v\u0259zif\u0259
\n3. S\u00f6z\u00fcn r samiti il\u0259 ba\u015flanmas\u0131. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: ruzi, r\u0259f, rayon, r\u0259nd\u0259, r\u00fctb\u0259, r\u0259ssam
\n4. S\u00f6zd\u0259 j samitinin i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: janr, \u0259jdaha, montaj, jurnal
\n5. S\u00f6zd\u0259 ah\u0259ng qanunun pozulmas\u0131: M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: a\u015fiq, m\u0259ktub, v\u0259fa, ticar\u0259t.
\nIl\u0131q, i\u015f\u0131q, inam \u0259sl Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6zl\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n

6. T\u0259khecal\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259rin sonunda eyni samitl\u0259rin i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: h\u0259ll, sirr, x\u0259tt, f\u0259nn
\n7. Qo\u015fa yy samitli s\u00f6zl\u0259r: xasiyy\u0259t, \u0259ziyy\u0259t, s\u0259yyah, \u0259m\u0259liyyat, \u2018 t\u0259yyar\u0259, h\u0259diyy\u0259
\n8. Sonu at \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi il\u0259 bit\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: t\u0259bli\u011fat, t\u0259\u015fkilat, heyvanat Nadinc nat\u0259miz, naki\u015fi s\u00f6zl\u0259ri milli
\ns\u00f6zl\u0259rdir.
\nDig\u0259r al\u0131nma s\u00f6zl\u0259r: \u015fkaf, b\u00fclb\u00fcl, g\u00fcl, pay\u0131z, bahar, dilb\u0259r, samovar, zavod, paraxod, veksel, kurort, keks, futbol, rels, klub, mitinq, prezident, plan, namaz, m\u0259kt\u0259b, m\u0259ktub, d\u0259ft\u0259r, elm, m\u0259l\u0259k, Allah, d\u0259rs, t\u0259dris, m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259, sinif, l\u00f6vh\u0259, t\u0259lim, m\u00fc\u0259llim, r\u0259bb, pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r, m\u0259scid, s\u0259cd\u0259, oruc, h\u0259cc, molla, behi\u015ft, c\u0259nn\u0259t, c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259m, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d, \u018fli, H\u0259s\u0259n, H\u00fcseyn, \u00d6m\u0259r, C\u0259f\u0259r, Osman, \u018fkb\u0259r.<\/p>\n

S\u00f6z Yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

35. Dilimizd\u0259ki s\u00f6zl\u0259r qurlu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259:
\n-3 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: sad\u0259, d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259, m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

36. Yaln\u0131z bir k\u00f6kd\u0259n (k\u00f6k v\u0259 qrammatik \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7i) ibar\u0259t olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259:
\n– sad\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: ev (evl\u0259r evd\u0259), u\u015faq, \u015fagird<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

37. Leksik \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7il\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 yaranan s\u00f6zl\u0259r?
\n– d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r adlan\u0131r. D\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r k\u00f6k v\u0259 leksik \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7id\u0259n ibar\u0259t olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: i\u015f\u00e7i, enli, ba\u015fla<\/p>\n

38. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b s\u00f6zl\u0259r :
\n-iki v\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 3 s\u00f6zd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: q\u0131z\u0131lg\u00fcl (q\u0131z\u0131l, g\u00fcl), g\u00f6yg\u00f6z (g\u00f6y, g\u00f6z), \u0259l\u00fczyuyan (\u0259l, \u00fcz, yuyan).<\/p>\n

Morfologiya<\/strong><\/p>\n

39. Dilimizd\u0259ki nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 iki n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. \u018fsas nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri
\n2. K\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

40 .\u018fsas nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin 2 \u0259sas s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri var:
\n1. M\u00fcst\u0259qil leksik m\u0259na da\u015f\u0131yaraq \u0259\u015fyan\u0131, \u0259lam\u0259ti, miqdar\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti v\u0259
\ns. bildirir.
\n2. C\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir K\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 is\u0259 bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r yoxdur. Onlar yaln\u0131z qrammatik m\u0259na da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

41 .\u018fsas nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n-\u0130sim, Sif\u0259t, Say, \u018fv\u0259zlik, Fel, Z\u0259rf .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

42.K\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n-Qo\u015fma ,Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131,\u018fdat,Modal S\u00f6zl\u0259r, Nida.<\/p>\n

43.\u0130sim :
\n-\u00fcmumi qrammatik m\u0259nas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n canl\u0131 v\u0259 cans\u0131z varl\u0131qlar\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. Kim? N\u0259? b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 hara? suallar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: m\u00fc\u0259llim (kim?), \u015fagird (kim?), at (n\u0259?), qu\u015f (n\u0259?), Bak\u0131 (hara?).
\n\u0130smin \u0259sas s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259k v\u0259 c\u0259m olmas\u0131, m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 hallanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

44. Varl\u0131qlar iki c\u00fcrd\u00fcr:
\n-g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259n v\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

45. Bu bax\u0131mdan isiml\u0259r iki n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n-konkret isiml\u0259r, m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d isiml\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

46. Konkret \u0130siml\u0259r
\n-g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bil\u0259n, \u0259ll\u0259 t\u0259mas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan, bir s\u00f6zl\u0259 maddi varl\u0131qlar\u0131n, \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n adlar\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k, insan, qoyun, k\u00fcl\u0259k.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

47. M\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d \u0130siml\u0259r:
\n-g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n, \u0259ll\u0259 t\u0259mas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan, x\u0259yalda, t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrd\u0259 canland\u0131r\u0131lan \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n adlar\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: arzu, x\u0259yal, m\u0259qs\u0259d, dostluq.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

48. \u0130siml\u0259r c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259ki tutdu\u011fu yer\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259mcinsliyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 iki n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. \u00dcmumi \u0130siml\u0259r
\n2. X\u00fcsusi \u0130siml\u0259r
\nEynicinsli \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n adlar\u0131na \u00fcmumi isiml\u0259r deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: insan, a\u011fac, ot, g\u00fcl, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k, da\u015f
\nVarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259k olmas\u0131 il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n adlar\u0131na is\u0259 x\u00fcsusi isiml\u0259r deyilir.<\/p>\n

49. X\u00fcsusi isiml\u0259r\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar aiddir:
\n1.\u0130nsan adlar\u0131, soyadlar, t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs v\u0259 l\u0259q\u0259bl\u0259r: Nizami, G\u0259nc\u0259vi, H\u00fcseyn, \u00c7opur, Sabir
\n2. Co\u011frafi v\u0259 astronomik adlar: Az\u0259rbaycan, Tovuz , G\u0259nc\u0259, Ay, Mars, Yupiter
\n3. Q\u0259zet, Jurnal v\u0259 \u018fs\u0259r adlar\u0131: Zaman, Ail\u0259m
\n4. Heyvanlara veril\u0259n x\u00fcsusi adlar: Alaba\u015f, Q\u0131rat, M\u0259stan X\u00fcsusi isiml\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259rfl\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

50 .\u0130siml\u0259r k\u0259miyy\u0259tc\u0259:
\n– t\u0259k v\u0259 c\u0259m olur. \u0130siml\u0259r c\u0259md\u0259 olark\u0259n lar v\u0259 l\u0259r \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isini q\u0259bul edir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: kitab+lar=kitablar, ev+l\u0259r=evl\u0259r, \u015fagir+l\u0259r=\u015fagirdl\u0259r.
\nDilimizd\u0259 el\u0259 isiml\u0259r d\u0259 var ki, onlar\u0131n m\u0259zmununda topluluq \u00e7oxluluq anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 var. Bel\u0259 isiml\u0259r toplu isiml\u0259r adlan\u0131r. m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: el, xalq, k\u00fctl\u0259, camaat, qo\u015fun, ilx\u0131.<\/p>\n

51 .\u0130siml\u0259rin \u0259laq\u0259y\u0259 girdiyi s\u00f6zl\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si:
\n-hallanma adlan\u0131r.\u0130smin 6 hal\u0131 var.<\/p>\n

Adl\u0131q Hal
\n-\u0130siml\u0259rin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c formas\u0131d\u0131r. Kim? N\u0259? hara? suallar\u0131na cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u015fagird (kim?),
\nkitab (n\u0259?).<\/p>\n

Yiy\u0259lik Hal
\n-Yiy\u0259lik, sahiblik m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. Kimin? N\u0259yin? Haran\u0131n? suallar\u0131na cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n (kimin?) q\u0259l\u0259mi, kitab\u0131n (n\u0259yin?) cildi. \u0130siml\u0259r yiy\u0259lik halda \u0131n \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi q\u0259bul edir.
\nYiy\u0259lik hal\u0131n iki n\u00f6v\u00fc var: 1.M\u00fc\u0259y\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n yiy\u0259lik hal
\n2.Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n yiy\u0259lik hal M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n yiy\u0259lik hal yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 suallara cavab olur v\u0259 sal\u0131iblik, yiy\u0259lik m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 bildirir.
\nQeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n yiy\u0259lik hal is\u0259 n\u0259? sual\u0131na cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: m\u0259kt\u0259b (n\u0259?) h\u0259y\u0259ti, kitab (n\u0259?) cildi.<\/p>\n

Y\u00f6nl\u00fck Hal
\n-H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc, son n\u00f6qt\u0259sini bildirir. Kim\u0259? N\u0259y\u0259? Haraya? suallar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 cavab olur. A \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isini q\u0259bul edir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Anara (kim\u0259?), qrafin\u0259 (n\u0259y\u0259?)<\/p>\n

T\u0259sirlik Hal
\n-H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin t\u0259sir obyektini, y\u0259ni \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015f icra olunan \u0259\u015fya bildirir. \u0130smin t\u0259sirlik hal\u0131 da yiy\u0259lik hal kimi 2 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n t\u0259sirlik hal. Kimi? N\u0259yi? Haran\u0131? Suallar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 cavab olur. I \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Tural\u0131 (kimi?), q\u0259l\u0259mi (n\u0259yi?)
\n2. Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n t\u0259sirlik hal \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isiz i\u015fl\u0259nir v\u0259 n\u0259? sual\u0131na cavab verir. Ayan kitab (n\u0259?) oxuyur.<\/p>\n

Yerlik Hal
\n-\u018f\u015fya v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin yerini bildirir. Kimd\u0259? N\u0259d\u0259? Harada? suallar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 cavab olur v\u0259 da \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi il\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: G\u00fcnayda (kimd\u0259?), h\u0259y\u0259td\u0259 (harada?)<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0131x\u0131\u015fl\u0131q Hal
\n-H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yerini bildirir. Kimd\u0259n? n\u0259d\u0259n? haradan? Suallar\u0131n\u0131n birin\u0259 cavab olur v\u0259 dan \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi il\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Turaldan (kimd\u0259n?), kitabdan (n\u0259d\u0259n?), k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259d\u0259n (haradan?)<\/p>\n

52.Sif\u0259t:
\n-\u0259\u015fyan\u0131n \u0259lam\u0259t v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259tini bildir\u0259n \u0259sas nitq hiss\u0259sidir. Sif\u0259t nec\u0259? n\u0259 c\u00fcr? hans\u0131? suallar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 cavab olur. Sif\u0259tl\u0259r daha \u00e7ox \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n \u0259lam\u0259tini, keyfiyy\u0259tini v\u0259 r\u0259ngini bildirir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: uzun, q\u0131sa, mavi,\u015firin, ac\u0131, t\u0259nb\u0259l ,q\u0259\u015f\u0259ng<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

53. Sif\u0259tin M\u00fcqayis\u0259 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259l\u0259ri: Sif\u0259tin ba\u015fqa nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n \u0259sas \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 onun d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 bildirm\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

54. Sif\u0259tin 3 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si var:
\nAdi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259,azaltma,\u00e7oxaltma.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

55. Adi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259:
\n– \u0259lam\u0259tin adi halda oldu\u011funu bildirir. He\u00e7 bir x\u00fcsusi morfoloji \u0259lam\u0259ti qrammatik \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi yoxdur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: a\u011f, qara, \u015firin, s\u0259rin<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

56. Azaltma d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si:
\n-\u018flam\u0259tin adi haldan az oldu\u011funu bildirir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

57. Azaltma d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si 2 \u00fcsulla d\u00fcz\u0259lir.
\n– 1-morfoloji \u00fcsul. Y\u0259ni adi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 olan sif\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7i art\u0131rmaqla:
\nImt\u0131l-a\u011f\u0131mt\u0131l, sar\u0131mt\u0131l Sov-uzunsov, a\u011f\u0131msov \u015e\u0131n-sar\u0131\u015f\u0131n, qara\u015f\u0131n
\n-2-sintaktik \u00fcsul. Adi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 olan sif\u0259tin \u0259vv\u0259lin\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rmaqla. Bu s\u00f6zd\u0259n sonra defis qoyulur: a\u00e7\u0131q- q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131q-sar\u0131<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

58.\u00c7oxaltma d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si-\u0259lam\u0259tin adi haldan \u00e7ox oldu\u011funu bildirir.V\u0259 \u0130ki \u00fcsulla yaran\u0131r.
\n1- morfoloji \u00fcsul Ca-x\u0131rdaca, balaca A\u011f-a\u011fappaq
\n2-sintaktik \u00fcsul-\u0259n, lap, \u00e7ox ,olduqca, t\u00fcnd. \u00c7ox maraql\u0131, daha a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131, t\u00fcnd- g\u00f6y<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

59.Say:
\n-\u018f\u015fyan\u0131n miqdar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 bildir\u0259n \u0259sas nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 say deyilir.
\nSay ne\u00e7\u0259? n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r? ne\u00e7\u0259nci? suallar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 cavab olur.m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: iki u\u015faq<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

60. Say\u0131n M\u0259naca N\u00f6vl\u0259ri:
\n-Say\u0131n m\u0259naca 2 n\u00f6v\u00fc var: Miqdar saylar\u0131 S\u0131ra saylar\u0131
\nMiqdar saylar\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 3 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131
\nQeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131 K\u0259sr saylar\u0131<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

61. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Miqdar Saylar\u0131:
\n-M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131 \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n konkret miqdar\u0131n\u0131 bildirir v\u0259 ne\u00e7\u0259? n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r? suallar\u0131na cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: be\u015f, on, y\u00fcz, otuz v\u0259 s.
\nM\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n n\u0131iqdar saylar\u0131ndan sonra g\u0259l\u0259n isiml\u0259r yaln\u0131z t\u0259kd\u0259 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: on be\u015f \u015fagird, be\u015f kitab. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131 il\u0259 isiml\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u00e7ox vaxt numerativ s\u00f6zl\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:
\nN\u0259f\u0259r-insan bildir\u0259n isiml\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: iki n\u0259f\u0259r \u015fagird, on n\u0259f\u0259r t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259
\nBa\u015f-heyvan bildir\u0259n isiml\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: on ba\u015f \u00f6k\u00fcz, y\u00fczba\u015f qoyun \u018fd\u0259d, d\u0259n\u0259-cans\u0131z \u0259\u015fyan\u0131 bildir\u0259n isiml\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir: be\u015f d\u0259n\u0259 nar, iki \u0259d\u0259d qal\u0259m
\nC\u00fct, d\u0259st-qo\u015fal\u0131q bildirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn isiml\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir: m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: bir c\u00fct ayaqqab\u0131, iki d\u0259st paltar<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

62. Qeyri- M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n Miqdar Saylar\u0131:
\n-Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131 \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n d\u0259qiq olmayan miqdar\u0131n\u0131 bildirir v\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r? sual\u0131na cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: be\u015f-alt\u0131 (kitab), \u00fc\u00e7-d\u00f6rd (u\u015faq) . Dilimizd\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n qeyri- m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131 bunlard\u0131r: az, \u00e7ox, xeyli, bir q\u0259d\u0259r, bir az, onlarla, y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259, minl\u0259rl\u0259.
\n-Az say\u0131ndan sonra g\u0259l\u0259n isim t\u0259kd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir: az adam. Bir az, bir s\u0131ra saylar\u0131ndan sonra g\u0259l\u0259n isiml\u0259r c\u0259md\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir: bir \u00e7ox aliml\u0259r, bir s\u0131ra \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259r Bir-iki, \u00fc\u00e7-d\u00f6rd, be\u015f-alt\u0131 tipli saylara t\u0259qribi (t\u0259xmini) saylar\u0131 da deyilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

63. S\u0131ra Saylar\u0131:
\n-S\u0131ra saylar\u0131 \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 bildirir v\u0259 ne\u00e7\u0259nci? sual\u0131na cavab verir. S\u0131ra saylar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdar saylar\u0131na \u0131nc\u0131 \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isini art\u0131rmaqla d\u00fcz\u0259lir: m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n s\u0259ks\u0259ninci doqquzuncu d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

64.\u018fv\u0259zlik:
\n-\u0130sim, sif\u0259t, say v\u0259 ba\u015fqa nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin yerind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259v\u0259ziik deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Fatim\u0259 \u0259la\u00e7\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259dir. O be\u015finci kursda oxuyur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

65.\u018fv\u0259zliyin M\u0259naca N\u00f6vl\u0259ri:
\n-\u018fv\u0259zliyin m\u0259naca n\u00f6vl\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n\u015e\u0259xs \u018fv\u0259zlikl\u0259ri
\n\u0130smin yerind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n v\u0259 kim? n\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab ver\u0259n \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259r\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ri deyilir. \u015e\u0259xs\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 3 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\nI \u015f\u0259xs-t\u0259kd\u0259 m\u0259n, c\u0259md\u0259 biz II \u015f\u0259xs-t\u0259kd\u0259 s\u0259n, c\u0259md\u0259 siz III \u015f\u0259xs t\u0259kd\u0259 o, c\u0259md\u0259 onlar
\nI v\u0259 II \u015f\u0259xsi bildir\u0259n \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259r yaln\u0131z insana aid olur v\u0259 kim? sual\u0131na cavab verir. III \u015f\u0259xsi bildir\u0259n \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259r is\u0259 h\u0259m insana, h\u0259m d\u0259 heyvana v\u0259 cans\u0131zlara aid ola bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: qoyun ev heyvan\u0131d\u0131r. O ild\u0259 bir, b\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259 iki bala verir<\/p>\n

Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u018fv\u0259zlikl\u0259r
\n\u0130smin yerind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir v\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsi v\u0259 \u0259\u015fyan\u0131 bildirir. Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259r kim? n\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab olur. Dilimizd\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n qeyri- m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259r bunlard\u0131r: biri,kims\u0259, kim is\u0259, n\u0259 is\u0259, b\u0259zi, ham\u0131, b\u0259zil\u0259ri<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015far\u0259 \u018fv\u0259zlikl\u0259ri
\n\u0130\u015far\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259r\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ri deyilir. O, bu, el\u0259, bel\u0259, h\u0259min, h\u0259m\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri i\u015far\u0259 \u0259v\u0259likl\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n

Sual \u018fv\u0259zlikl\u0259ri
\nSual bildir\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 sual \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ri deyilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259sas nitq suallar\u0131 y\u0259ni kim? n\u0259? hara? nec\u0259? n\u0259 c\u00fcr? ne\u00e7\u0259? v\u0259
\ns. sual \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n

T\u0259yini \u018fv\u0259zlikl\u0259r
\nH\u0259r, b\u00fct\u00fcn, filan, eyni, \u00f6z, \u00f6z\u00fcm, \u00f6z\u00fc, \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz t\u0259yini \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259rdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

66.Fel:
\n-Fel qrammatik m\u0259nas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t bildir\u0259n \u0259sas nitq hiss\u0259sidir. n\u0259 etm\u0259k? n\u0259 etdi? n\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259k? v\u0259 ba\u015fqa suallara cavab olur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

67. Felin Zamanlar\u0131:
\n-Fel ke\u00e7mi\u015f, indiki v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k zamanlarda olur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

68. Ke\u00e7mi\u015f Zaman:
\n-\u0130\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan vaxtdan \u0259vv\u0259l ba\u015f verdiyini bildirir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

69. Ke\u00e7mi\u015f zaman\u0131n 2 n\u00f6v\u00fc var: 1.\u015e\u00fchudi ke\u00e7mi\u015f zaman 2.N\u0259qli ke\u00e7mi\u015f zaman<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

70.\u015e\u00fchudi ke\u00e7mi\u015f zaman :
\n-i\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 icra olunub olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259ti \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bildirir. D\u0131 \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: yazd\u0131, g\u0259ldi<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

71.N\u0259qli ke\u00e7mi\u015f zaman:
\n– i\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 icra olunub-olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sini n\u0259ql na\u011f\u0131letm\u0259 yolu il\u0259 bildirir. M\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: alm\u0131\u015f, g\u0259lmi\u015f<\/p>\n

72.\u0130ndiki Zaman :
\n-\u0130\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan zaman ba\u015f verdiyini bildirir. Ir \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: oxuyur, al\u0131r, g\u0259lir<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

73.G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k Zaman:
\n-\u0130\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan zamandan sonra icra olunub-olunmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

74.G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k zaman\u0131n 2 n\u00f6v\u00fc var:
\n-Q\u0259ti g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k zaman i\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 icra olunub – olunmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259ti \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bildirir. Acaq \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k, alacaq, baxacaq.<\/p>\n

-Qeyri-q\u0259ti g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k zamanda i\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 icras\u0131 q\u0259ti \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bildirilmir. Ar \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: yazar, g\u0259l\u0259r, ged\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

75.M\u0259sd\u0259r:
\n-M\u0259sd\u0259r h\u0259m felin, h\u0259m d\u0259 ismin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. M\u0259sd\u0259r felin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u0259 v\u0259 ya ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c formas\u0131na maq \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isini art\u0131rmaqla d\u00fcz\u0259lir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: yazmaq, baxmaq<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

76. Feli Sif\u0259t:
\n-Feli sif\u0259t h\u0259m felin, h\u0259m d\u0259 sif\u0259tin \u0259lam\u0259tini da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

77. Feli sif\u0259t \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7il\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n-An: qa\u00e7-an (at), a\u00e7\u0131l an(s\u0259h\u0259r), g\u0259l- \u0259n (u\u015faqlar)
\n-M\u0131\u015f: bat-m\u0131\u015f (g\u0259mi), b\u00fck\u00fcl-m\u00fc\u015f (q\u0259zet)
\n-Acaq: yaz\u0131l-acaq (\u0259s\u0259r), g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259c\u0259k (i\u015f)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

78. Feli Ba\u011flama:
\n-Feli ba\u011flama h\u0259m felin, h\u0259m d\u0259 z\u0259rfin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.
\nZ\u0259rf fel\u0259 aid olur v\u0259 feld\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

79. Feli ba\u011flama \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7il\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n-Ib -O k\u0259nd orta m\u0259kt\u0259bini bitirib t\u0259hsilini davam etdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Bak\u0131ya g\u0259ldi
\nMadan- dayanmadan, g\u0259lm\u0259d\u0259n<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

80.Z\u0259rf:
\n-Z\u0259rf qrammatik m\u0259nas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin t\u0259rzini, zaman\u0131n\u0131, yerini, miqdar\u0131n\u0131 bildir\u0259n \u0259sas nitq hiss\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

81. Z\u0259rfin m\u0259naca 4 n\u00f6v\u00fc var:
\nT\u0259rzi H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t Z\u0259rfi – H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin icra t\u0259rzini bildirir nec\u0259? n\u0259 c\u00fcr? n\u0259 t\u0259rzd\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: sakitc\u0259, yava\u015f-yava\u015f, c\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259<\/p>\n

Zaman Z\u0259rfi-H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin n\u0259 zaman icra olundu\u011funu bildirir n\u0259 zaman? n\u0259 vaxt? ha\u00e7an? suallar\u0131na cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: sabah, bayaq, ax\u015fam, yayda, d\u00fcn\u0259n<\/p>\n

Yer Z\u0259rfi -H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin icra olundu\u011fu yeri bildirir. hara? harada? haradan? suallar\u0131na cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: ir\u0259li, geri, yuxar\u0131, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131, sa\u011fa- sola, ora,bura<\/p>\n

Miqdar Z\u0259rfi-\u0130\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin miqdar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sini bildirir n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r? n\u0259 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: U\u015faqlar bu g\u00fcn \u00e7ox \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Qoca bir q\u0259d\u0259r dinc\u0259ldi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

K\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri<\/strong><\/p>\n

82. K\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259sas nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir:
\n1. Leksik m\u0259nas\u0131 olmur 2.Ayr\u0131l\u0131qda c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc kimi
\ni\u015fl\u0259nmir
\n3.\u015e\u0259kil\u00e7i q\u0259bul etmir v\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fmir<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

83. Leksik m\u0259nas\u0131 olmayan, ayr\u0131l\u0131qda c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc kimi i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n, \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7i q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259n s\u00f6z qruplar\u0131na:
\n-k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri deyilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

84. K\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n1.Qo\u015fam 2.Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 3.\u018fdat 4.Modal s\u00f6zl\u0259r 5.Nida<\/p>\n

85.\u0130smin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif hallar\u0131nda olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 qo\u015fularaq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259na \u00e7alar\u0131 \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 :
\n-qo\u015fma deyilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

86.Qo\u015fmalar ismin d\u00f6rd hal\u0131nda olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 qo\u015fulur;
\n1. Adl\u0131q halda i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n qo\u015fmalar. Adl\u0131q halda olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 qo\u015fulan qo\u015fmalar bunlard\u0131r:
\nQ\u0259d\u0259r, kimi, t\u0259k, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, il\u0259. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Q\u0131z\u0131n di\u015fl\u0259ri mirvarit\u0259k a\u011fappaq idi; Zamiq il\u0259 i\u015fim var.
\n2. Yiy\u0259lik halda i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n isiml\u0259r. Yiy\u0259lik halda olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 qo\u015fulan qo\u015fmalar bunlard\u0131r:
\nQ\u0259d\u0259r, kimi, t\u0259k, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, il\u0259 ( la l\u0259). M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Onun kimi dost \u00e7\u0259tin tap\u0131lar; S\u0259ninl\u0259 i\u015fim var
\n3. Y\u00f6nl\u00fck halda i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n qo\u015fmalar. Y\u00f6nl\u00fck halda olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r\u0259 qo\u015fulan qo\u015fmalar bunlard\u0131r:
\nq\u0259d\u0259r, kimi, d\u0259n, can, t\u0259r\u0259f, do\u011fru, qar\u015f\u0131, sar\u0131, g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259sas\u0259n, dair m\u0259xsus. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: K\u0259nd\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r piyada getdik; Ax\u015fama q\u0259d\u0259r s\u0259ni g\u00f6zl\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m
\n4. \u00c7\u0131x\u0131\u015fl\u0131q halda i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n qo\u015fmalar: \u0259vv\u0259l, ax\u0131r, qabaq, b\u0259ri, ba\u015fqa, savay\u0131, ayr\u0131, \u00f6zg\u0259. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259n Yaqubdan sonra g\u0259ldim.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

87.A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 qo\u015fmalar ba\u015fqa nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ortaq s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir:
\nT\u0259r\u0259f-isim v\u0259 qo\u015fma. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Bu t\u0259r\u0259f \u015f\u0259rqidir (isim). Sa\u011fa t\u0259r\u0259f get (qo\u015fma)
\nDo\u011fru, qabaq- sif\u0259t, z\u0259rf ,qo\u015fma. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Qabaq s\u0131ralar bo\u015fdur (sif\u0259t). Qaba\u011fa bax (z\u0259rf). Bizd\u0259n qabaq g\u0259l\u0259n yoxdur (qo\u015fma)
\nSar\u0131-sif\u0259t, fel v\u0259 qo\u015fma. Sar\u0131 q\u0259l\u0259mi m\u0259n\u0259 ver (sif\u0259t). Ipi sar\u0131 (fel). Ev\u0259 sar\u0131 getm\u0259 (qo\u015fma) Sonra, \u0259vv\u0259l-z\u0259rf v\u0259 qo\u015fma. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 sonra baxar\u0131q (z\u0259rf).
\nS\u0259nd\u0259n sonra atan da g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Kimi-\u0259v\u0259zlik v\u0259 qo\u015fma. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Kimi axtar\u0131rsan? (\u0259v\u0259zlik). Ev\u0259 kimi piyada getdik (qo\u015fma)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

88.Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131:
\n-c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259laq\u0259 yaradan, onlar\u0131 qrammatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n bir-birin\u0259 ba\u011flayan k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

89. Tabesizlik Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259naca n\u00f6vl\u0259ri:
\n-Birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: v\u0259, \u0130I\u0259 (la l\u0259). M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u015eagird \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn nizam- intizam v\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fqanl\u0131q ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u015f\u0259rtdir.
\n-Qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0259rma ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: amma, ancaq, lakin. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Cahid onu tan\u0131d\u0131, amma he\u00e7 n\u0259 dem\u0259di
\n-B\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: ya, ya da, ya da ki, v\u0259 ya, gah, gah da, gah da ki, ist\u0259r, ist\u0259rs\u0259, yaxud. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Ya yaz, ya da diqq\u0259tl\u0259 qulaq as
\n-\u0130\u015ftirak ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: h\u0259m, h\u0259m d\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 ki, h\u0259tta, habel\u0259, h\u0259m\u00e7inin. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Elxan h\u0259m g\u00fcnd\u00fczl\u0259r, h\u0259m d\u0259 gec\u0259l\u0259r dinc\u0259lmir
\n-\u0130nkarl\u0131q ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: n\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 ki. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Teyyub\u0259 n\u0259 yaz\u0131r, n\u0259 d\u0259 oxuyur
\n-Ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: y\u0259ni, y\u0259ni ki, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Bak\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259ngin s\u0259rv\u0259ti, y\u0259ni nefti var.<\/p>\n

90. Tabelilik Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259naca n\u00f6vl\u0259ri:
\n-S\u0259b\u0259b ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: \u00e7\u00fcnki, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 ki, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259. Teyyub\u0259 d\u0259rs\u0259 getm\u0259mi\u015fdi, \u00e7\u00fcnki ba\u015f\u0131 a\u011fray\u0131rd\u0131
\n\u015e\u0259rt ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: \u0259g\u0259r, h\u0259rgah, indi, madam ki. \u018fg\u0259r bel\u0259 oxusan \u0259la\u00e7\u0131 olarsan
\n-G\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: h\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd, h\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd ki. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: H\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd ki, Abbas he\u00e7 kimi e\u015fitmir yen\u0259 d\u0259 xahi\u015f ed\u0259rik
\n-Ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: ki, bel\u0259 ki. M\u00fc\u0259llim dedi ki, s\u0259h\u0259r d\u0259rs olmayacaq.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

91. S\u00f6zl\u0259rin v\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259sir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc q\u00fcvv\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259:
\n-\u0259dat deyilir.<\/p>\n

91a.\u018fdatlar\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ndiyi c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xarsaq:
\n-h\u0259min c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259nas\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n q\u0259d\u0259r z\u0259ifl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

92 .\u018fdatlar\u0131n m\u0259naca n\u00f6vl\u0259ri:
\n1. Q\u00fcvv\u0259tl\u0259ndirici \u0259datlar: ax\u0131, \u0259n, lap, daha, da, d\u0259, n\u0259, h\u0259tta, ki, nec\u0259. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n Ax\u0131 bizim g\u00fcnah\u0131m\u0131z n\u0259dir? Ha g\u00f6zl\u0259dim s\u0259n g\u0259lm\u0259din
\n2. D\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirici \u0259datlar: el\u0259, m\u0259hz, \u0259sl. El\u0259 ham\u0131 Telman dey\u0259ni deyir.
\n3. M\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u0259datlar: ancaq, yaln\u0131z, t\u0259k, bir, birc\u0259. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: F\u0259qam d\u0259yi\u015fdirs\u0259 ancaq m\u00fchit d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259r
\n4. Sual \u0259datlar\u0131: b\u0259s, m\u0259g\u0259r, y\u0259ni, m\u0131. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: B\u0259s d\u00fcn\u0259n niy\u0259 biz\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259mi\u015fdin?
\n5. \u018fmr \u0259datlar\u0131: di, qoy, g\u0259l, g\u0259lin, g\u00f6r, g\u00f6r\u00fcn, bax . Qoy \u0130lkin d\u0259rsini oxusun
\n6. Arzu \u0259datlar\u0131: ka\u015f, ka\u015f ki, t\u0259ki, bar\u0131, g\u0259r\u0259k. Ka\u015f ki u\u015faq olayd\u0131m
\n7. T\u0259sdiq v\u0259 inkar \u0259datlar: b\u0259li, h\u0259, yox, xeyr, he\u00e7. Xeyr, s\u0259n yan\u0131l\u0131rsan.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

93 .\u018fdatlar\u0131n ba\u015fqa nitq hiss\u0259sind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259si:
\n1. Ancaq, ki, da, d\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259dat. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Aynur\u0259 ancaq bu g\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259rini qurtara bildi (\u0259dat). M\u0259n \u00e7ox dedim, ancaq o s\u00f6zl\u0259rim\u0259 qulaq asmad\u0131.
\n2. Bax, qoy, g\u00f6r, g\u0259l fel v\u0259 \u0259dat. Ora bax g\u0259l\u0259n S\u0259kin\u0259dir (fel). S\u00f6z\u00fc bax bel\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q dey\u0259rl\u0259r (\u0259dat)
\n3. T\u0259k-sif\u0259t, z\u0259rf, \u0259dat. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: T\u0259k \u0259ld\u0259n s\u0259s \u00e7\u0131xmaz (sif\u0259t). Ham\u0131 gedib t\u0259k qalm\u0131\u015fam (z\u0259rf). Bu i\u015fi t\u0259k s\u0259n bacararsan (\u0259dat).
\n4. El\u0259, bel\u0259, nec\u0259, n\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zlik v\u0259 \u0259dat. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: El\u0259 dost \u00e7\u0259tin tap\u0131lar (\u0259v\u0259zlik). El\u0259 yerind\u0259 deyibs\u0259n (\u0259dat).
\n5. Bir,birc\u0259 say v\u0259 \u0259dat. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Bir s\u0259n bizim Bak\u0131ya bax (\u0259dat). Birc\u0259 q\u0131\u015f tez g\u0259ls\u0259ydi (\u0259dat)<\/p>\n

94. Dan\u0131\u015fan\u0131n hiss v\u0259 h\u0259y\u0259can\u0131n\u0131, qorxu v\u0259 ya sevincini bildir\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i nitq hiss\u0259sin\u0259 :
\nnida deyilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

95. Qorxu narahatl\u0131q bildir\u0259nl\u0259r:
\nvay. oy, ox, ah, Allah s\u0259n saxla<\/p>\n

95a.\u015eadl\u0131q v\u0259 sevinc hissi bildir\u0259nl\u0259r:<\/p>\n

– b\u0259h-b\u0259h, af\u0259rin, ay can, ura Q\u0259m
\nk\u0259d\u0259r bildir\u0259nl\u0259r: tfu, r\u0259dd ol,
\nc\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259m ol<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sintaksis<\/strong><\/p>\n

96a.S\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259y\u0259 deyilir?
\n-iki v\u0259 daha art\u0131q m\u00fcst\u0259qil s\u00f6z\u00fcn m\u0259na v\u0259 qrammatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si deyilir.<\/p>\n

96b.S\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si d\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r kimi, \u0259\u015fya v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: stol
\n\u2013 stolun aya\u011f\u0131, roman \u2013 mac\u0259ra roman\u0131, ev \u2013 evin qap\u0131s\u0131, bulaq \u2013 bula\u011f\u0131n suyu v\u0259 s. Ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r kimi, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tikinti material\u0131d\u0131r; m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: evin qap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131q idi. \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259si bir s\u00f6z\u00fcn (a\u00e7\u0131q idi) v\u0259 bir s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sinin (evin qap\u0131s\u0131) i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu c\u00fcr ox\u015far c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259sasl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir:
\n1. S\u00f6z leksik, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si sintaktik vahiddir, y\u0259ni s\u00f6zl\u0259r dilimizin l\u00fc\u011f\u0259t t\u0259rkibind\u0259 hazir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259dir, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si is\u0259 nitk prosesind\u0259 sintaktik \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131r.
\n2. S\u00f6z s\u0259sl\u0259rd\u0259n, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si is\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259n yaran\u0131r.
\n3. S\u00f6z\u00fcn m\u0259nas\u0131 \u00fcmumi v\u0259 geni\u015f olur; m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: kitab dedikd\u0259 h\u0259r c\u00fcr kitab, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r dedikd\u0259 h\u0259r c\u00fcr \u015f\u0259h\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutuur. Lakin s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si t\u0259rkibind\u0259 s\u00f6z\u00fcn m\u0259nas\u0131 xeyli konkretl\u0259\u015fir. Bunu kitab, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r s\u00f6zl\u0259r il\u0259 d\u0259rs kitab\u0131, Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rini m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 d\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n

96c. S\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si c\u00fcml\u0259 il\u0259 d\u0259 ox\u015far v\u0259 f\u0259rqli c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 malikdir:
\n– H\u0259r ikisi (h\u0259m s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, h\u0259md\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259) s\u00f6zl\u0259rin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lir; h\u0259r ikisi eyni nitk hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 eyni sintaktik \u0259laq\u0259d\u0259n yaran\u0131r; s\u00f6zl\u0259rin s\u0131ras\u0131 da bunlarda \u0259sas\u0259n eyni c\u00fcr olur.
\nBu ox\u015far c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fch\u00fcm f\u0259rql\u0259ri d\u0259 vard\u0131r;
\nC\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259tin \u0259sas vahididir v\u0259 bitmi\u015f fikir ifad\u0259 edir. Lakin s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si bitmi\u015f fikir ifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bilmir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: g\u00f6z\u0259l h\u0259yat \u2013 h\u0259yat g\u00f6z\u0259ldir, da\u011f havas\u0131 \u2013 da\u011f\u0131n havas\u0131 s\u0259rindir v\u0259 s. c\u00fcml\u0259nin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus intonasiyas\u0131 olur. C\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259nil\u0259n fikr\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildirilir.
\nS\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259n f\u0259rqi olaraq, c\u00fcml\u0259 bir s\u00f6zd\u0259n d\u0259 ibar\u0259t ola bilir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Gecdir. Tezdir. Yoruldum. v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

97.C\u00fcml\u0259:
\n-bitmi\u015f bir fikiri ifad\u0259 edir. S\u00f6zl\u0259rin bitmi\u015f bir fikir ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259 deyilir. C\u00fcml\u0259 bir s\u00f6zd\u0259n d\u0259 ibar\u0259t ola bil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Ax\u015famd\u0131r. C\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r qurlu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 sad\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b olur. Sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259nin birqrammatik \u0259sas\u0131 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Z\u0259ng vuruldu. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259nin iki v\u0259 daha art\u0131q qrammatik \u0259sas\u0131 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u00fc\u0259llim sinf\u0259 daxil oldu, \u015fagirdl\u0259r aya\u011fa qalxd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

98.C\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r m\u0259qs\u0259d v\u0259 intonasiyaya g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00f6rd n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr:
\n1. N\u0259qli c\u00fcml\u0259,
\n2. Sual c\u00fcml\u0259si,
\n3. \u018fmr c\u00fcml\u0259si,
\n4. Nida c\u00fcml\u0259si.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

99. N\u0259qli C\u00fcml\u0259:
\n-N\u0259qli c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir i\u015f, hadis\u0259, \u0259\u015fya v\u0259 s. haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Yaz g\u0259lir. \u018fkin i\u015fl\u0259ri ba\u015flan\u0131r N\u0259qli c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r adi intonasiya il\u0259 deyilir. Dilimizd\u0259 ba\u015fqa c\u00fcml\u0259 n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n n\u0259qli c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r daha \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259nir. N\u0259qli c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin sonunda n\u00f6qt\u0259 v\u0259 ya \u00fc\u00e7 n\u00f6qt\u0259 qoyulur.<\/p>\n

100. Sual C\u00fcml\u0259si:
\n-Sual m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 sual c\u00fcml\u0259si deyilir. Bel\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r bir \u015fey haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat almaq v\u0259 ya h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir m\u0259lumat\u0131 d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259kt\u0259biniz haqq\u0131nda n\u0259 bilirs\u0259n? D\u0259rsl\u0259rini oxudunmu? D\u0259rs ba\u015fland\u0131?
\nSual c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rinin sonunda sual i\u015far\u0259si qoyulur.<\/p>\n

101.\u018fmr C\u00fcml\u0259si:
\n-\u018fmr, ist\u0259k, arzu, xahi\u015f, m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t v\u0259 s. kimi m\u0259nalar\u0131 bildir\u0259n c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259mr c\u00fcml\u0259si deyilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: U\u015fa\u011fa su verin. D\u0259rsl\u0259rini yax\u015f\u0131 oxu.<\/p>\n

102. Nida C\u00fcml\u0259si:
\n-Y\u00fcks\u0259k hiss v\u0259 h\u0259y\u0259canla deyil\u0259n c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r nida c\u00fcl\u0259si adlan\u0131r. m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Bu n\u0259 i\u015f idi tutdun! Vay-vay g\u00f6r m\u0259n n\u0259 etdim?! Nida c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rinin sonunda nida i\u015far\u0259si qoyulur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

103. Dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n v\u0259 ya yazark\u0259n b\u0259z\u0259n ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n (nitqind\u0259n) istifad\u0259 olunur. Ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri iki \u00fcsulla veril\u0259 bil\u0259r:
\n-Vasit\u0259siz, Vasit\u0259li.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

104. Vasit\u0259siz Nitq.
\n-Vasit\u0259siz nitqd\u0259 ba\u015fqasn\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259qiq \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, he\u00e7 bir d\u0259yi\u015fiklik edilm\u0259d\u0259n verilir.T\u0259rkibind\u0259 vasit\u0259siz nitq olan c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r iki hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olur: m\u00fc\u0259llif\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n (M) v\u0259 vasit\u0259siz nitqd\u0259n (V).M\u00fc\u0259llifin s\u00f6zl\u0259ri, ad\u0259t\u0259n, dedi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc, soru\u015fdu v\u0259 s. kimi nitq v\u0259 t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr fell\u0259ri il\u0259 bitir. Vasit\u0259siz nitq is\u0259 bir v\u0259 ya bir ne\u00e7\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olur v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llif nitqin\u0259 intonasiyan\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 qo\u015fulur. Vasit\u0259siz nitq, ad\u0259t\u0259n, d\u0131rnaq aras\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r v\u0259 ya tire il\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:
\nO dedi: \u201cBiz do\u011fma yurdumuza qay\u0131daca\u011f\u0131q\u201d M: \u201cV\u201d
\nKomandir q\u0131\u015fq\u0131rd\u0131:- Dayan\u0131n, ora minalan\u0131bd\u0131r<\/p>\n

105. Vasit\u0259li Nitq:
\n-Vasit\u0259li nitqd\u0259 ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri (nitqi) eynil\u0259 deyil, d\u0259yi\u015filmi\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 verilir, y\u0259ni onun m\u0259zmunu \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.
\nT\u0259rkibind\u0259 vasit\u0259li nitq olan c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llifin s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131n nitqinin m\u0259zmunundan ibar\u0259tdir. Vasit\u0259siz nitq m\u00fc\u0259llifin s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n sonra i\u015fl\u0259nir. Vasit\u0259siz nitq vasit\u0259li nitql\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z edil\u0259rk\u0259n d\u0131rnaqlar v\u0259 tire i\u015far\u0259si at\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 ki ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:
\nTeymur dedi: \u201cM\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259nd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim olaca\u011fam\u201d
\nAnar dedi ki, o b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259nd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim olacaq<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

106. C\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri:
\n-bir-biri il\u0259 h\u0259m m\u0259naca, h\u0259md\u0259 qrammatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n ba\u011f\u0131 olur v\u0259 sintaktik suala cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: B\u00fclb\u00fcl bir bir an me\u015f\u0259nin s\u00fckutunu dinl\u0259di \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fclb\u00fcl\u00fcn h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti, bu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin zaman\u0131 v\u0259 obyekti ifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

107. H\u0259r hans\u0131 s\u00f6z c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259:
\n-m\u00fcst\u0259qil leksik m\u0259naya malik olmal\u0131 v\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259ki ba\u015fqa \u00fczvl\u0259rl\u0259 sintaktik \u0259laq\u0259y\u0259 girm\u0259lidir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Eldar, dey\u0259s\u0259n s\u0259n d\u0259 bu yay \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259mis\u0259n \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 Eldar v\u0259 dey\u0259s\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri daxil oldu\u011fu c\u00fcml\u0259nin \u00fczvl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259naca ba\u011fl\u0131 olsada, qramatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n ba\u011fl\u0131 deyil. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc say\u0131lm\u0131r. Birinci s\u00f6z (Eldar) xitab, ikinci s\u00f6z (dey\u0259s\u0259n) ara s\u00f6z hesab olunur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

108. C\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri:
\n– \u0259sas nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. \u0130sim daha \u00e7ox m\u00fcbt\u0259da v\u0259 tamaml\u0131q v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259, sif\u0259t, say, daha \u00e7ox t\u0259yin, z\u0259rf \u2013 z\u0259rflik, t\u0259srifl\u0259n\u0259n fell\u0259r x\u0259b\u0259r v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Siz M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d deyilsinmi? \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 siz s\u00f6z\u00fc ismi \u0259v\u0259z etdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcbt\u0259da v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

109. Nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan \u00fczvl\u0259r:
\n-sad\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259r adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

110. S\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunanlar:
\n– m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b \u00fczvl\u0259r adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

111. C\u00fcml\u0259nin ne\u00e7\u0259 \u00fczv\u00fc var?
\n– be\u015f \u00fczv\u00fc<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

112. Bu \u00fczvl\u0259r c\u00fcml\u0259nin t\u0259\u015fkilind\u0259 roluna g\u00f6r\u0259:
\n-iki n\u00f6v\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\n1. Ba\u015f \u00fczvl\u0259r: m\u00fcbt\u0259da, x\u0259b\u0259r.
\n2. \u0130kinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li \u00fczvl\u0259r: tamaml\u0131q, t\u0259yin v\u0259 z\u0259rflik.<\/p>\n

113. M\u00fcbt\u0259da :
\n-M\u00fcbt\u0259da c\u00fcml\u0259nin ba\u015f \u00fczv\u00fc olub, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259ti x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015f\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsi, \u0259\u015fyan\u0131 bildirir. M\u00fcbt\u0259da kim? n\u0259? b\u0259z\u0259nd\u0259 hara? sual\u0131na cavab verir, ismin adl\u0131q hal\u0131nda olan s\u00f6zl\u0259r v\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259n (kim?) \u015fu\u015faya gedir. Onlar\u0131n evl\u0259ri (n\u0259?) \u015eu\u015fadad\u0131r.
\n\u015eu\u015fa (hara?) g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259 q\u0259dim \u015f\u0259h\u0259rimizdir.
\nM\u00fcbt\u0259da c\u00fcml\u0259nin \u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil \u00fczv\u00fc olur v\u0259 qramatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n he\u00e7 bir \u00fczvd\u0259n asl\u0131 deyil.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

114. X\u0259b\u0259r:
\n-X\u0259b\u0259r c\u00fcml\u0259nin ba\u015f \u00fczv\u00fc olub, haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t v\u0259 ya \u0259lam\u0259tini bildirir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Traktor yeri \u015fumlay\u0131r. Torpaq lay-lay \u00e7evrilir. \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r (\u015fumlay\u0131r, \u00e7evrilir) m\u00fcbt\u0259da il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan, \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tini bildirir.
\nBiz c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259nil\u0259n yeni m\u0259lumat\u0131ad\u0259t\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r v\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 aid olan \u00fczvl\u0259r (tamaml\u0131q, t\u0259yin, z\u0259rflik) vasit\u0259sil\u0259 al\u0131r\u0131q.
\nX\u0259b\u0259r n\u0259 edir? (felin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259kil v\u0259 zamanlar\u0131nda), kimdir?, ne\u00e7\u0259dir?, haradad\u0131r?, nec\u0259dir? v\u0259 s. suallara cavab verir.
\nM\u00fcbt\u0259da kimi x\u0259b\u0259r d\u0259 h\u0259m nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri, h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur.
\nBa\u015flamaq, bilm\u0259k, ist\u0259m\u0259k, olmaq, etm\u0259k fell\u0259ri \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259rl\u0259 birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k x\u0259b\u0259r v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. X\u0259b\u0259r, t\u0259yini s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri, m\u0259sd\u0259r v\u0259 feli sif\u0259t t\u0259rkibl\u0259ri v\u0259 s. il\u0259 d\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Da\u011flar\u0131n s\u0259siy\u0259m! M\u0259n \u00e7alxalanan d\u0259nizin n\u0259\u011fm\u0259siy\u0259m.
\nNitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r sad\u0259, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunanlar m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b x\u0259b\u0259r adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

115. X\u0259b\u0259r ifad\u0259 vasit\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 iki c\u00fcr olur:
\n– 1) feli x\u0259b\u0259r; 2) ismi x\u0259b\u0259r. Feli x\u0259b\u0259r t\u0259srifl\u0259n\u0259n fell\u0259rl\u0259 \u2013 felin \u0259mr, x\u0259b\u0259r, vacib, arzu, laz\u0131m v\u0259 \u015f\u0259tr \u015f\u0259kill\u0259ri il\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Ay camaat yol verin. Burada m\u0259kt\u0259b tikilm\u0259lidir. M\u0259n birinci olmaq ist\u0259yir\u0259m.
\nFeli x\u0259b\u0259r feli frazeoloji birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u0130gidl\u0259r d\u0259rd\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. S\u0259m\u0259d k\u00f6ks\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259di. \u0130smi x\u0259b\u0259r adlarla \u2013 isim, sif\u0259t, say, \u0259v\u0259zlik v\u0259 z\u0259rflikl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Qay\u0131qlar d\u0259nizd\u0259dir. D\u0259niz f\u0131rt\u0131nal\u0131d\u0131r. O, on \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc idi. Dan\u0131\u015fan m\u0259n idim.
\n\u0130smi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259, m\u0259sd\u0259r, feli sif\u0259t v\u0259 feli sif\u0259t t\u0259rkibl\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r d\u0259 ismi x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rdir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: m\u0259qs\u0259dim oxumaqd\u0131r. Qonaqlar\u0131n bir qismi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259z\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259rdir. Dilimizd\u0259 var, yox, laz\u0131m, g\u0259r\u0259k, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, b\u0259s s\u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil ismi x\u0259b\u0259r kimi i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259 bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Evd\u0259 he\u00e7 kim yoxdur. Feli x\u0259b\u0259r c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tini bildirir v\u0259 haq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan (m\u00fcbt\u0259da, \u00fcmumi \u015f\u0259xs, qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u015f\u0259xs v\u0259 s.) h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin t\u00f6r\u0259dicisi hesab olunur. \u0130smi x\u0259b\u0259r is\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tini bildirir v\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tin da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir.<\/p>\n

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116. X\u0259b\u0259rin m\u00fcbt\u0259da il\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 v\u0259 k\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 uzla\u015fmas\u0131 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r m\u00fcbt\u0259da il\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 uzla\u015f\u0131r. M\u00fcbt\u0259da hans\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259 olsa, x\u0259b\u0259r d\u0259 h\u0259min \u015f\u0259sxd\u0259
\nolur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259n b\u0259dii kitablar\u0131 \u00e7oxoxuyuram. S\u0259n bu g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 ged\u0259c\u0259ks\u0259n.
\nX\u0259b\u0259r m\u00fcbt\u0259da il\u0259 k\u0259miyy\u0259tc\u0259 d\u0259 uzla\u015f\u0131r \u2013 m\u00fcbt\u0259da t\u0259k olduqda x\u0259b\u0259r d\u0259 t\u0259k, c\u0259m olduqda x\u0259b\u0259rd\u0259 c\u0259m olur.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:
\nM\u0259n oxuyuram, Biz oxuyuruq.
\nS\u0259n oxuyursan, Siz oxuyursunuz.
\nO oxuyur, Onlar
\noxuyurlar.<\/p>\n

III \u015f\u0259xsin c\u0259mind\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259r m\u00fcbt\u0259da il\u0259 k\u0259miyy\u0259tc\u0259 uzla\u015fa bilir, uzla\u015fmayada bilir. Bu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 qayda \u00fczr\u0259dir:
\n1. III \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259 insan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bildir\u0259n m\u00fcbt\u0259da c\u0259m olduqda x\u0259b\u0259r d\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n c\u0259m olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u015eagirdl\u0259r g\u00f6z\u0259l binalara tama\u015fa edirl\u0259r. B\u0259za hallarda k\u0259miyy\u0259tc\u0259 uzla\u015fmayada bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Onlar qona\u011f\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lama\u011fa getmi\u015fdi. \u2013 bu c\u00fcml\u0259ni bel\u0259 uzla\u015fd\u0131rmaq olar. Onlar qona\u011f\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lama\u011fa getmi\u015fdil\u0259r.
\n2. Heyvan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bildir\u0259n m\u00fcbt\u0259da c\u0259m olduqda x\u0259b\u0259r d\u0259 c\u0259m olur, t\u0259k d\u0259 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u0130tl\u0259r h\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u2013 \u0130tl\u0259r h\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r.
\n3. M\u00fcbt\u0259da il\u0259 cans\u0131z varl\u0131qlar ifad\u0259 olunduqda x\u0259b\u0259r \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n onunla uzla\u015fm\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Yarpaqlar t\u00f6k\u00fclt\u00fc. Evl\u0259r tikildi.<\/p>\n

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117.Bildiyimiz kimi c\u00fcml\u0259nin ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li \u00fczvl\u0259ri :
\n-tamaml\u0131q, t\u0259yin v\u0259 z\u0259rflikdir.<\/p>\n

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118.\u0130kinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li \u00fczvl\u0259rd\u0259n:
\n– tamaml\u0131q v\u0259 z\u0259rflik yaln\u0131z x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 aid olur v\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259ri izah edib ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Onlar s\u00f6hb\u0259t vaxt\u0131 biz\u0259 alma \u015f\u0259rb\u0259ti verirdil\u0259r. \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t vaxt\u0131 zaman z\u0259rfliyi, biz\u0259, alma \u015f\u0259rb\u0259ti tamaml\u0131q, verirdil\u0259r feli x\u0259b\u0259rini izah edir.<\/p>\n

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119.T\u0259yin:
\n– \u0259\u015fya bildir\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fczvl\u0259r\u0259 (m\u00fcbt\u0259daya, tamaml\u0131\u011fa, z\u0259rfliy\u0259 v\u0259 ismi x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259) aid ola bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Cavan bir leytenant m\u0259ni i\u00e7\u0259ri d\u0259v\u0259t etdi. M\u0259n h\u0259l\u0259 indiy\u0259 kimi bu c\u00fcr alq\u0131\u015flarla qar\u015f\u0131lanan m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259mi\u015fdim. \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 cavan s\u00f6z\u00fc m\u00fcbt\u0259dan\u0131 (leytenent), bu c\u00fcr alq\u0131\u015flarla qar\u015f\u0131lanan birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si tamaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 (m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259) t\u0259yin edir.<\/p>\n

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120. Tamaml\u0131q:
\nTamaml\u0131q c\u00fcml\u0259nin ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li \u00fczv\u00fc olub, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tin obyektini bildirir.
\n\u0130smin adl\u0131q v\u0259 yiy\u0259lik hal\u0131ndan ba\u015fqa, qalan hallarda \u0259\u015fya, obyekt bildir\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r v\u0259
\nbirl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r tamaml\u0131q v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. Tamaml\u0131q kim\u0259? n\u0259y\u0259? kimi? n\u0259yi? n\u0259? kimd\u0259? n\u0259d\u0259? kimd\u0259n? n\u0259d\u0259n? suallar\u0131na cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: X\u0259yal \u0259lc\u0259yi (n\u0259yi?) m\u0259n\u0259 (kim\u0259?) verdi.
\n\u0130\u015fin, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin, \u0259lam\u0259tin obyektini bildir\u0259n b\u0259zi qo\u015fmal\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r v\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 tamaml\u0131q olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: O, f\u0131r\u00e7a il\u0259 (n\u0259 il\u0259?) \u015f\u0259kil \u00e7\u0259kdi.
\nTamaml\u0131q da m\u00fcbt\u0259da kimi isim, \u0259v\u0259zlik v\u0259 m\u0259sd\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 daha \u00e7ox ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Eldar\u0131 s\u0259sl\u0259di. Onu telefona \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131lar.
\nSif\u0259t, say, i\u015far\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ri, z\u0259rf v\u0259 feli sif\u0259tl\u0259r c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 isiml\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k tamaml\u0131q v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259 bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259nim r\u0259fiq\u0259m q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ox sevir.
\nBunlar\u0131 Adilin atas\u0131 yollay\u0131b. Nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan tamaml\u0131qlar qurulu\u015fca sad\u0259 olur.
\nTamaml\u0131q ikinci v\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc n\u00f6v t\u0259yini s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259ri, feli sif\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259st\u0259r t\u0259rkibl\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Bir da\u011f havas\u0131n\u0131 sevir\u0259m, bir d\u0259 k\u00f6v\u015f\u0259rin \u0259trini, \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcn \u0259trini! Bu c\u00fcr tamaml\u0131qlar qurulu\u015fca m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n

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121. Vasit\u0259siz v\u0259 vasit\u0259li tamaml\u0131qlar:
\n-Tamaml\u0131q vasit\u0259li v\u0259 vasit\u0259siz olur. Vasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar ismin t\u0259sirlik hal\u0131nda olur, t\u0259sirli fell\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259nir v\u0259 kimi? n\u0259yi? n\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Mustafa m\u0259ktubu (n\u0259yi?) anas\u0131na verdi.
\nT\u0259sirlik hal m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n v\u0259 qeyri- m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildirm\u0259kl\u0259 iki c\u00fcr oldu\u011fundan, vasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar da iki c\u00fcr olur:<\/p>\n

1. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n vasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar
\n2. Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n vasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar.
\nM\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n vasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n t\u0259sirlik halda olan (t\u0259sirlik hal \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi) s\u00f6zl\u0259r v\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: B\u0259xtiyar, m\u0259ni d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcnl\u0259 apar. Baba t\u00fcf\u0259ngi, termosu, \u00e7antan\u0131 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc v\u0259 Ayaz\u0131 s\u0259sl\u0259di.<\/p>\n

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122..Qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik bildir\u0259n vasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar:
\n-qeyri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n t\u0259sirlik halda olan s\u00f6z v\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259
\nolunur. Tamaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu n\u00f6v\u00fc n\u0259? sual\u0131na cavab
\nverir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Ba\u011f\u00e7am\u0131za t\u0259z\u0259 a\u011fac (n\u0259?) \u0259kdim. Sonra \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 su (n\u0259?) t\u00f6kd\u00fcm.<\/p>\n

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123. Vasit\u0259li tamaml\u0131qlar :
\n-ismin y\u00f6nl\u00fck, yerlik, \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015fl\u0131q
\nhallar\u0131nda olan, eyni zamanda il\u0259, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, \u00f6tr\u00fc, qar\u015f\u0131, haqq\u0131nda, bar\u0259sind\u0259 qo\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n qo\u015fuldu\u011fu s\u00f6zl\u0259r v\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur, \u0259\u015fya, obyekt bildirir. Tamaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu n\u00f6v\u00fc kim\u0259? n\u0259y\u0259? kimd\u0259? n\u0259d\u0259? kimd\u0259n? n\u0259d\u0259n? kim il\u0259? n\u0259 il\u0259? Kim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn? n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn? n\u0259 bar\u0259d\u0259? v\u0259 s. suallara cavab verir.
\nVasit\u0259siz tamaml\u0131qlar yaln\u0131z t\u0259sirli feli x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olur. Vasit\u0259li tamaml\u0131qlar is\u0259 h\u0259r c\u00fcr feli x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259, h\u0259tta ismi x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Q\u0131z qarda\u015f\u0131ndan (kimd\u0259n?) b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. Samir qarda\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 (kim il\u0259?) siz\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n

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124. T\u0259yin :
\n-T\u0259yin c\u00fcml\u0259nin ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li \u00fczv\u00fc olub, isiml\u0259 v\u0259 isiml\u0259\u015fmi\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan \u00fczvl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n izah edir.
\nT\u0259yin nec\u0259? n\u0259 c\u00fcr? hans\u0131? ne\u00e7\u0259? n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r? ne\u00e7\u0259nci? Suallar\u0131na cavab verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u00c7al\u0131\u015fqan (nec\u0259?) \u015fagirdl\u0259 be\u015f (ne\u00e7\u0259?) maraql\u0131 kitab ald\u0131lar.
\nT\u0259yin \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n sif\u0259t, say, feli sif\u0259t v\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Bu me\u015f\u0259 \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck idi. \u0130sim v\u0259 z\u0259rfl\u0259rd\u0259 sif\u0259tl\u0259\u015fdikd\u0259 t\u0259yin v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259 bilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u00fch\u0259ndis Sultanov d\u0259ri paltosunu geydi. Yuxar\u0131 otaqlar xeyli s\u0259rin idi.
\nT\u0259yin ismi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 feli sif\u0259t t\u0259rkibl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Polis r\u0259isi K\u0259rimov prokurora z\u0259ng vurdu.
\nC\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 isiml\u0259 v\u0259 isiml\u0259\u015fmi\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fczvl\u0259rin t\u0259yini ola bilir.
\nNitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunan t\u0259yinl\u0259r sad\u0259, s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunanlar is\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b t\u0259yin say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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125. Z\u0259rflik :
\n-Z\u0259rflik c\u00fcml\u0259nin ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li \u00fczv\u00fc olub, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin icras\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya \u0259lam\u0259tin meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n izah edir.
\nZ\u0259rflik \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n z\u0259rfl\u0259rl\u0259 \u2013 t\u0259rzi- h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, zaman, yer, miqdar z\u0259rfl\u0259ri il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: S\u0259kin\u0259 xala sakitc\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilib getdi.
\nZ\u0259rflik yer v\u0259 zaman m\u0259nal\u0131 isiml\u0259r, feli ba\u011flamalar, qo\u015fmalar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 isim v\u0259 m\u0259sd\u0259rl\u0259r, sual \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259ri v\u0259 s. ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: O, Az\u0259ri bazara g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015fdi.
\nM\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b z\u0259rflikl\u0259r ismi v\u0259 feli birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Boz da\u011f\u0131n qoynunda bir d\u0259niz vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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126. Z\u0259rflik \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n feli x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259, az hallarda ismi x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 aid olur. Feli x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 aid olduqda isim, ismi x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 aid olduqda \u0259lam\u0259tin meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rzini, zaman\u0131n\u0131, yerini, miqdar\u0131n\u0131, s\u0259b\u0259bini v\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dini bildirir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 z\u0259rfliyin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259na n\u00f6vl\u0259ri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1. T\u0259rzi-h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t z\u0259rfliyi \u2013 i\u015fin, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin icra t\u0259rzini bildirir. Nec\u0259? n\u0259 c\u00fcr? n\u0259 t\u0259rzd\u0259? N\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab verir.
\n2. Zaman z\u0259rfliyi \u2013 i\u015fin, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin, hadis\u0259nin zaman\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. N\u0259 vaxt? n\u0259 zaman? ha\u00e7an? n\u0259 zamanad\u0259k? n\u0259 vaxta kimi? n\u0259 vaxta q\u0259d\u0259r? suallar\u0131na cavab verir.
\n3. Yer z\u0259rfliyi \u2013 i\u015fin, h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin v\u0259 s. yerini bildirir. Hara? haraya? harada? suallar\u0131na cavab verir.
\n4. K\u0259miyy\u0259t v\u0259 ya d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 z\u0259rfliyi \u2013 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin hans\u0131 k\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 icra olundu\u011funu bildirir. N\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r? sual\u0131na cavab verir.
\n5. S\u0259b\u0259b z\u0259rfliyi \u2013 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin v\u0259 ya \u0259lam\u0259tin s\u0259b\u0259bini bildirir. Niy\u0259? n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn? n\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b\u0259? n\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6tr\u00fc? n\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab verir.
\n6. M\u0259qs\u0259d z\u0259rfliyi \u2013 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin m\u0259qs\u0259dini bildirir. Niy\u0259? n\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6tr\u00fc? n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259? suallar\u0131na cavab verir.<\/p>\n

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127.C\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rinin \u0259lav\u0259si:
\n-C\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259lki \u00fczv\u00fcn m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 izah edib konkretl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n s\u00f6z\u0259 v\u0259 ya s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rinin \u0259lav\u0259si deyilir.
\n\u018flav\u0259, \u0259lav\u0259li \u00fczvl\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs\u0259, k\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 ismin hal\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 uzla\u015f\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: u\u00e7ur qay\u011f\u0131lar \u2013 o nazl\u0131 qu\u015flar.
\nB\u0259z\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259li \u00fczv I, II, \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r\u0259, \u0259lav\u0259 is\u0259 III \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259 olur, \u0259lav\u0259, \u0259lav\u0259li \u00fczvl\u0259 ismin hal\u0131na, k\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 uzla\u015f\u0131r, \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 uzla\u015fma pozulur.
\nM\u00fcbt\u0259dan\u0131n \u0259lav\u0259si m\u00fcbt\u0259dan\u0131n, x\u0259b\u0259rin \u0259lav\u0259si is\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259rin m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 konkretl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k, izah edib ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Ya\u015fas\u0131n s\u0259ad\u0259t, o yaz s\u0259h\u0259ri.
\nC\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc n\u00f6v t\u0259yini s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin, feli sif\u0259t, feli ba\u011flama v\u0259 m\u0259sd\u0259r t\u0259rkibl\u0259rinin as\u0131l\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 xitablara aid \u0259lav\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Adilin \u2013 onuncu sinif \u015fagirdinin f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn rayona yay\u0131ld\u0131.
\n\u018flav\u0259l\u0259r izah etdiyi s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259n tire (\u2013) i\u015far\u0259si il\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: D\u00fcn\u0259n \u2013 may\u0131n 17-d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn diskl\u0259ri apar\u0131b t\u0259hvil verdik.<\/p>\n

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128.\u018flav\u0259d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l y\u0259ni ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ndikd\u0259:<\/p>\n

-verg\u00fcl qoyulur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

129. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r bir-biri il\u0259 sintaktik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n iki c\u00fcr ba\u011flan\u0131r:
\n-tabesizlik yolu il\u0259, tabelilik yolu il\u0259. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259ni t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin ya ham\u0131s\u0131 b\u0259rab\u0259r h\u00fcquqlu olur, ya da t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri qrammatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil, dig\u0259ri ondan as\u0131l\u0131 olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Al r\u0259ngli \u015f\u0259f\u0259ql\u0259r \u0259traf\u0131 b\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcrd\u00fc \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri b\u0259rab\u0259rh\u00fcquqludur (h\u0259tta b\u0259zi bel\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin yerini d\u0259yi\u015fs\u0259k d\u0259 m\u0259na d\u0259yi\u015fmir). M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259ni t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 bu c\u00fcr ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q tabesizlik ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131qd\u0131r. Bel\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r tabesizlik m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r adlan\u0131r.
\nZeyn\u0259b hiss etdi, T\u00fck\u0259zban xala ona inanm\u0131r \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n birincisi qrammatik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil oldu\u011fu halda, ikinci birinciy\u0259 tabedir, \u00e7\u00fcnki ikinci c\u00fcml\u0259nin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259si (T\u00fck\u0259zban xala ona inanm\u0131r) birinci hiss\u0259sini (Zeyn\u0259b hiss etdi) ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 tamamlay\u0131r.
\nM\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259nin t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q tabeli ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q adlan\u0131r. Bel\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 tabeli m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r deyilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

130. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r iki n\u00f6v\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131r:
\n1) tabesizlik m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259ri 2) tabeli m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

131. Tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r:
\n-M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin bir qismind\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r b\u0259rab\u0259rh\u00fcquqlu olur. T\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259r bir-birind\u0259n eyni d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131 olur, fikrin ifad\u0259sind\u0259 eyni d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259, b\u0259rab\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 edir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Arabir g\u00f6y gurulday\u0131r, ya\u011f\u0131\u015f g\u00fccl\u0259nir. Bird\u0259n \u018flabbas ki\u015fi p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259ni a\u00e7d\u0131, k\u00fcl\u0259k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 ki\u015finin \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 \u00e7\u0131rpd\u0131.
\nB\u0259rab\u0259rh\u00fcquqlu sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r deyilir. Tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin hiss\u0259l\u0259ri ya yaln\u0131z intonasiya il\u0259 ya da intonasiya v\u0259 tabesizlik ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259nir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: El\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc deyir, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 e\u015fidilirdi. Do\u011frudur, babam sa\u011flamd\u0131, lakin m\u0259n yen\u0259 d\u0259 Allahdan \u0259limi \u00fczm\u0259dim. Bu tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259lki ikisinin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri intonasiya il\u0259, sonrak\u0131lar\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259, lakin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir.
\nT\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri intonasiya il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131z, ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131 tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

132. Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131 tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r:
\n-Tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259nin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lardan istifad\u0259 edilir.
\n1. Birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131: v\u0259
\n2. Qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: amma, ancaq, lakin v\u0259 s. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: D\u0259rsi \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259dim amma oxudum.
\n3. \u0130\u015ftirak ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: h\u0259m, h\u0259m d\u0259 (ki), h\u0259tta, da, d\u0259. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Yem\u0259k h\u0259m isti, h\u0259m d\u0259 dadl\u0131 idi.
\n4. \u0130nkar ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: n\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 ki. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: N\u0259 o bilirdi, n\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259n.
\n5. B\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: ya, ya da, gah, gah da, ist\u0259r, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 v\u0259 s. M\u0259s: O, gah dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, gah da susurdu.
\n6. Ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131: y\u0259ni, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n. Qiym\u0259t ald\u0131m, y\u0259ni be\u015f ald\u0131m. Birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259, i\u015ftirak v\u0259 inkar ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n zaman \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. Qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma, i\u015ftirak, inkar v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin aras\u0131nda ki, yaz\u0131da verg\u00fcl (,) qoyulur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

133. Tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259na \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri:
\n-Tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda 6 m\u0259na \u0259laq\u0259si olur:<\/p>\n

1. Zaman \u0259laq\u0259si
\n2. Ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259si
\n3. S\u0259b\u0259b-n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259si
\n4. Ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259si
\n5. Qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259si
\n6. B\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259si
\n1. Zaman \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r
\nZaman \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 eyni zamanda ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r sadalan\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259n k\u0259nd\u0259 \u00e7atanda k\u00fcl\u0259k davam edir v\u0259 k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 sel ax\u0131rd\u0131.
\nZaman \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r sadalama \u00fcsulu il\u0259 quruldu\u011fundan t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rin say\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259n ikid\u0259n \u00e7ox olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u015eahmar\u0131n \u00fcr\u0259yi d\u00f6y\u00fcnd\u00fc, q\u0259lbi \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131nd\u0131, \u0259ll\u0259ri \u0259sdi. \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259sind\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir.
\nZaman \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin bir qismind\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131na aid ortaql\u0131 zaman z\u0259rfliyi olur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u015eair olmayanda x\u0259yala dal\u0131r.
\nBu c\u00fcr z\u0259rflikl\u0259r d\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki hadis\u0259l\u0259rin eyni zamanda ba\u015f verdiyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir.
\n2. Ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r
\nArd\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131qla ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r sadalan\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u0130\u015f\u0131qlar s\u00f6nd\u00fc, kino verili\u015fi ba\u015flad\u0131. D\u0259hlizin qap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 ota\u011fa bir q\u0131z daxil oldu.
\nMisallardan g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin d\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin say\u0131 ikid\u0259n art\u0131q ola bilir.
\n3. S\u0259b\u0259b-n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r
\nS\u0259b\u0259b-n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 birinci t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259d\u0259ki i\u015f s\u0259b\u0259bi, ikinci t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259d\u0259ki i\u015f onun n\u0259tic\u0259sini bildirir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Q\u0259fl\u0259t\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259k ba\u015flad\u0131, yeti\u015fmi\u015f meyv\u0259l\u0259r yer\u0259 s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259ndi.
\nBu c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 birinci t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bi, ikinci t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259 birincid\u0259n do\u011fan n\u0259tic\u0259ni bildirir.
\nZaman v\u0259 ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r kimi s\u0259b\u0259b-n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 ya intonasiya il\u0259, ya da v\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259nir.
\nH\u0259min c\u00fcml\u0259 n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq, s\u0259b\u0259b-n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r ancaq iki t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olur.<\/p>\n

4. Ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r
\nAyd\u0131nla\u015fma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri \u00fcmumilik bildirir, o biri onu ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: A\u011f\u0131z dey\u0259ni qulaq e\u015fitmirdi. \u0130yirmi-otuz adam \u00fcz- \u00fcz\u0259, \u00e7iyin-\u00e7iyin\u0259 oynay\u0131rd\u0131.
\nAyd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n intonasiya il\u0259 bir-birin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. B\u0259zi hallarda ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131ran t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma bildir\u0259n y\u0259ni ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259nir.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: S\u0259lim ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rp\u0259tdi, y\u0259ni o raz\u0131 idi.
\nAyd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n \u00fcmumilik bildir\u0259n hiss\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259l, ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131ran hiss\u0259 sonra i\u015fl\u0259nir. \u00dcmumilik bildir\u0259n hiss\u0259d\u0259n sonra, \u0259sas\u0259n, iki n\u00f6qt\u0259 qoyulur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: X\u0259yal d\u0259rin fikr\u0259 getdi: bu i\u015fi kim etmi\u015f olar?
\nT\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n birind\u0259 verg\u00fcl olduqda, t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rin aras\u0131nda n\u00f6qt\u0259li verg\u00fcl qoyulur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Uzun q\u0131\u015f ax\u015fam\u0131 idi; k\u00fcl\u0259k d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli bir z\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131 il\u0259 qanadlar\u0131n\u0131 divara \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131r, \u00fcz\u00fc q\u0131l\u0131nc kimi k\u0259sirdi.<\/p>\n

5. Qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r
\nQar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki i\u015f v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r bir-biri il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: M\u0259n \u00e7ox dedim, o az e\u015fitdi. Qap\u0131n\u0131 it\u0259l\u0259dim, ancaq o a\u00e7mad\u0131.
\nB\u0259z\u0259n qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda ziddiyy\u0259t olur, b\u0259z\u0259n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki fikirl\u0259r, i\u015f v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Cilovu dart\u0131b at\u0131 saxlamaq ist\u0259yirdim, at dayanmad\u0131. \u0130ndi anam k\u0259ndd\u0259 olur, biz \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r\u0131q \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 birincisind\u0259 ziddiyy\u0259t, ikincisind\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259ndirm\u0259, qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma m\u0259nas\u0131 verir.
\nQar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r intonasiya il\u0259 v\u0259 (amma, ancaq, lakin) ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar v\u0259 antonim s\u00f6zl\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259nir.
\n6. B\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r
\nB\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki i\u015f v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r ya n\u00f6vl\u0259r il\u0259 bir-biri il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z edilir, ya da iki i\u015fd\u0259n yaln\u0131z birinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc ifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Gah g\u00fccl\u00fc ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ya\u011f\u0131r, gah da g\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131. Ya s\u0259n m\u0259n\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259lis\u0259n, ya da \u00f6z d\u0259rdim\u0259 \u00e7ar\u0259 tapmal\u0131yam \u2013 c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birincisind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif hadis\u0259l\u0259rin (ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcn) n\u00f6vb\u0259 il\u0259 bir- birini \u0259v\u0259z etdiyi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; ikinci c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 iki hadis\u0259d\u0259n birinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc ifad\u0259 edir.
\nB\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li tabesiz m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r yaln\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 yaran\u0131r.
\nGah, gah da, gah da ki ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 etdikd\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259\u015fir, n\u00f6vb\u0259 il\u0259 bir- birini \u0259v\u0259z edir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Onun b\u0259d\u0259nini gah h\u0259rar\u0259t b\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcr, gah da soyuq t\u0259r \u0259sirdi.
\nYa, ya da, ya da ki, yaxud da ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ndikd\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n birinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc ifad\u0259 olunur.
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: Ya s\u0259n m\u0259n\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259lis\u0259n, ya da \u00f6z d\u0259rdim\u0259 \u00e7ar\u0259 tapmal\u0131yam.<\/p>\n

Tabeli m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259nin sintaktik t\u0259hlil qaydas\u0131
\nTabeli m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 qayda il\u0259 t\u0259hlil edilir:<\/p>\n

1. C\u00fcml\u0259nin m\u0259qs\u0259d v\u0259 intonasiyaya g\u00f6r\u0259 n\u00f6v\u00fc m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilir.
\n2. Ba\u015f v\u0259 budaq c\u00fcml\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir.
\n3. Budaq c\u00fcml\u0259nin n\u00f6v\u00fc (m\u00fcbt\u0259da, tamaml\u0131q, t\u0259yin budaq c\u00fcml\u0259si olmas\u0131 v\u0259 s.), ba\u015f c\u00fcml\u0259nin hans\u0131 vasit\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. Sonra ba\u015f v\u0259 budaq c\u00fcml\u0259nin h\u0259r biri ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131l\u0131qda sad\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259 kimi t\u0259hlil edilir.<\/p>\n

134. Dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri dedikd\u0259 n\u0259 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/p>\n

-yaz\u0131l\u0131 nitqd\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259r \u0259 ya s\u00f6z qruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda qoyulan i\u015far\u0259l\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

135. Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131s\u0131nda dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259dilm\u0259si ideyas\u0131n\u0131 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 kim ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr?<\/p>\n

-M.F.Axundzad\u0259<\/p>\n

136. Dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri iki funksiyan\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirir:<\/p>\n

-Ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri:n\u00f6qt\u0259,sual,nida,qo\u015fa n\u00f6qt\u0259,n\u00f6qt\u0259li verg\u00fcl v\u0259 \u00e7ox n\u00f6qt\u0259<\/p>\n

-F\u0259rql\u0259ndirici dur\u011fu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri :Bunlar c\u00fct\u00fczvl\u00fcd\u00fcr,vasit\u0259siz nitqi,sitatlar\u0131,ara c\u00fcml\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 konstruksiyalar\u0131 f\u0259rql\u0259ndirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n iki verg\u00fcl,iki tire,m\u00f6t\u0259riz\u0259l\u0259r \u0259 d\u0131rnaqlar. Dil haqq\u0131nda \u00fcmumi m\u0259lumat .<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

137.Dil:
\n– insanlar aras\u0131nda \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t vasit\u0259sidir. Dil ictimai hadis\u0259 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Dil ancaq insana m\u0259xsusdur, heyvanlar yaln\u0131z m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti duyula bilirl\u0259r.Dil m\u0259nsubu oldu\u011fu xalq\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131 il\u0259 s\u0131x ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

138. Dilin \u00fc\u00e7 v\u0259zif\u0259si vard\u0131r:
\n-Dil c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t vasit\u0259sidir.
\n-Dil insan\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n \u0259\u015fya v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259rin adlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirir.
\n-Dil fikri ifad\u0259 edir Az\u0259rbaycan dili az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n ana dilidir. Respublikam\u0131z\u0131n q\u0259dim sakinl\u0259rind\u0259n olan azsayl\u0131 xalqlar da Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259n \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t vasit\u0259si kimi istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r<\/p>\n

139. D\u00fcbya dill\u0259ri qohumluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 :
\n-dil ail\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fir<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

140. Az\u0259rbaycan dili :
\n– t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ri ail\u0259sinin o\u011fuz qrupuna aiddir<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

141. Az\u0259rbaycan dili morfoloji qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259:
\n-iltisaqi(aql\u00fctinativdir)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

142. Az\u0259rbaycan dili Az\u0259rbaycan Konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n ne\u00e7\u0259nci madd\u0259si il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t dili kimi t\u0259sbit olunmu\u015fdur?
\n21-ci madd\u0259si il\u0259<\/p>\n

Nitq m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

143. Nitq m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti:
\n– dil\u00e7iliyin praktik sah\u0259si olub, dild\u0259n \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t vasit\u0259si kimi istifad\u0259 olunur. Nitq m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti dil\u00e7iliyin n\u0259z\u0259ri yox, praktik sah\u0259si say\u0131l\u0131r.
\nH\u0259r hans\u0131 bir xalq\u0131n milli m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tininin g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l nitqdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

144. G\u00f6z\u0259l nitq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259, \u0259sas\u0259n iki \u015f\u0259rt olur:
\n-Dilin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ifad\u0259 imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fliyi, y\u0259ni h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir fikri ifad\u0259 etm\u0259k imkan\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 Bu dild\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259k haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u0259ni dilin ifad\u0259 imkanlar\u0131ndan d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259si<\/p>\n

145. Nitq m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin \u0259sas \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n– nitqin d\u00fczg\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc, nitqin d\u0259qiqliyi v\u0259 nitqin ifad\u0259liliyi<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

146. Nitqin d\u00fczg\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc dedikd\u0259:
\n-dilin fonetik, leksik v\u0259 qrammatik qayda-qanunlar\u0131na \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259k n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u201c\u00f6y\u0259 getm\u0259k\u201d d\u00fczg\u00fcn deyil. Burada dilin fonetik qaydas\u0131 pozulmu\u015fdur. Bu ifad\u0259nin \u201cev\u0259 getm\u0259k\u201d kimi dedikd\u0259 nitq d\u00fczg\u00fcndur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

147. Nitqin d\u0259qiqliyi dedikd\u0259:
\n-fikrin ifad\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn birba\u015fa t\u0259l\u0259b olunan s\u00f6z\u00fcn, ifad\u0259nin v\u0259 ya c\u00fcml\u0259nin se\u00e7ilm\u0259si n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u201cH\u00fcseyn d\u0259rsd\u0259n g\u0259lir\u201d-c\u00fcml\u0259si d\u00fczg\u00fcnd\u00fcr, ancaq d\u0259qiq deyil. \u201cH\u00fcseyn m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259n g\u0259lir\u201d-c\u00fcml\u0259si is\u0259 h\u0259m d\u00fczg\u00fcnd\u00fcr, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u0259qiqdir
\nNitqin ifad\u0259liyi is\u0259 \u00fcslub bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u0259n u\u011furlu b\u0259dii dil vahidinin i\u015fl\u0259dilm\u0259si dem\u0259kdir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n: \u201cFatim\u0259 klassik \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 \u00e7ox sevir\u201d c\u00fcml\u0259si d\u00fczg\u00fcn v\u0259 d\u0259qiqdir, lakin ifad\u0259li deyil. \u201cFatim\u0259 klassik \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n vur\u011funudur\u201d
\nNitqin d\u00fczg\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 ham\u0131 \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259lidir, nitqin d\u0259qiqliyin\u0259 is\u0259 ham\u0131 \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Nitqin ifad\u0259liliyi is\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u015fair v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lara m\u0259xsusdur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

148.\u00dcnsiyy\u0259t zaman\u0131 m\u00fcraci\u0259t, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259, ayr\u0131lma, t\u0259brik v\u0259 s. formalar\u0131na:
\n-nitq etiketl\u0259ri, yaxud nitq yarl\u0131qlar\u0131 deyilir.<\/p>\n

149. Nitq etiketl\u0259rinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 n\u00f6vl\u0259ri var:
\n1. M\u00fcraci\u0259t etiketl\u0259ri: Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flay\u0131n, Buyurun, Xahi\u015f edir\u0259m, Z\u0259hm\u0259t olmasa, L\u00fctf\u0259n.
\n2. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u0259 etiketl\u0259ri: Salam, Salam\u0259leyk\u00fcm, \u018fleyk\u00fcmsalam, Xo\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fck, Sabah\u0131n\u0131z xeyir
\n3. Ayr\u0131lma etiketl\u0259ri: Xudahafiz, \u018flvida, Salamat qal\u0131n, Sa\u011f olun, Allah aman\u0131nda, G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259n\u0259d\u0259k, Yax\u015f\u0131 yol, U\u011fur olsun
\n4. T\u0259brik etiketl\u0259ri: T\u0259brik edir\u0259m, G\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz ayd\u0131n olsun, M\u00fcbar\u0259kdir, M\u00fcbar\u0259k olsun, Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za qism\u0259t olsun,
\n5. Alq\u0131\u015flar: Allah k\u00f6m\u0259yin olsun, H\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 ayaq \u00fcst\u0259, Allah r\u0259hm\u0259t el\u0259sin
\n6. Qar\u011f\u0131\u015flar: Allah c\u0259zan\u0131 versin, Allah evini y\u0131xsm, G\u00f6z\u00fcn t\u00f6k\u00fcls\u00fcn<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00dcslubiyyat<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

150.\u00dcslub:
\n-dil vasit\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 istifad\u0259 \u00fcsuludur.<\/p>\n

151.\u00dcslublar\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259n dil\u00e7ilik b\u00f6lm\u0259si:
\n– \u00fcslubiyyat adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

152. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259bi dilinin funksional \u00fcslublar\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u00fcslublar daxildir:
\n1. B\u0259dii \u00fcslub 2.Elmi \u00fcslub 3.Publisistik \u00fcslub 4.M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00fcslubu
\n5. R\u0259smi-i\u015fg\u00fczar \u00fcslub<\/p>\n

153. B\u0259dii \u00dcslub:
\n-B\u0259dii \u00fcslub milli b\u0259dii t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn ifad\u0259sidir. Obrazl\u0131, emosional nitq formas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u0259dii \u00fcslub \u0259d\u0259bi dilimiz tarixind\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 apar\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. B\u0259dii \u00fcslubun \u0259n vacib \u015f\u0259rti v\u0259 \u00fcmumi c\u0259h\u0259ti obazl\u0131l\u0131qd\u0131r. B\u0259dii \u00fcslub \u015feir dili, n\u0259sr dili v\u0259 dramaturgiya dili formalar\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

154. Elmi \u00dcslub :
\n-Elmi \u00fcslub milli elmi t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn ifad\u0259sidir. O, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif elm sah\u0259l\u0259rinin dilidir. Elmi \u00fcslubun \u0259sas x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti m\u0259ntiqlik, d\u0259qiqlik, ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q v\u0259 konkretlikdir. Elmi \u00fcslubun \u0259sas s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 onda ixtisas s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin-terminl\u0259rin bol-bol i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sidir. Elmi \u00fcslubda m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b c\u00fcml\u0259l\u0259r, modal s\u00f6zl\u0259r \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259nir. Elmi \u00fcslubda fikrin daha d\u0259qiq v\u0259 y\u0131\u011fcam \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ifad\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox vaxt m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sxem v\u0259 qrafikl\u0259rd\u0259n, \u015f\u0259rti i\u015far\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunur<\/p>\n

155. Publisistik \u00dcslub:
\n-Publisistik \u00fcslub-milli ictimai t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn ifad\u0259sidir. Bu \u00fcslub m\u0259tbuat\u0131n, radio-televiziyanm dilidir. Publisistik \u00fcsluba b\u0259z\u0259n \u201cm\u0259tbuat dili\u201d d\u0259 deyilir. Publisistik \u00fcslubda fikir ham\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n anla\u015f\u0131ql\u0131, ayd\u0131n v\u0259 t\u0259sirli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur. Publisistik \u00fcslub k\u00fctl\u0259vi nitq formas\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn dil g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 adi dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q dilin\u0259 \u00e7ox yax\u0131n olur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

156. M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00dcslubu:
\n-M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00fcslubu-g\u00fcnd\u0259lik h\u0259yatda insanlar\u0131n bir-biri il\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dildir. M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00fcslubu adi dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q dilidir insanlar\u0131n bir- bir il\u0259 hal-\u0259hval tutdu\u011f\u0131\u0131 dildir. M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00fcslubu \u0259d\u0259bi dilin g\u00fcnd\u0259lik davran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n s\u0259rb\u0259st v\u0259 \u015fifahi nitq formas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00fcslubu \u0259d\u0259bi dilin \u0259n geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcslubudur. M\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u00fcslubunun \u0259sas s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259ti s\u0259rb\u0259stliyi v\u0259 y\u0131\u011fcaml\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

157. R\u0259smi-i\u015fg\u00fczar \u00dcslub:
\n-R\u0259smi-i\u015fg\u00fczar \u00fcslub-r\u0259smi v\u0259 i\u015fg\u00fczar s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin dilidir. Bu \u00fcslubda fikir m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n q\u0259lib\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f (standart) formalarda v\u0259 olduqca y\u0131\u011fcam \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 verilir. Milli r\u0259smi-i\u015fg\u00fczar \u00fcslub ba\u015fqa funksional \u00fcslublara nisb\u0259t\u0259n gec formala\u015f\u0131bd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

158. F\u0259rdi \u00dcslub:
\n-Bu v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqa bir g\u00f6rk\u0259mli s\u0259n\u0259tkarlara m\u0259xsus \u015fifahi, yaxud yaz\u0131l\u0131 nitq x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri f\u0259rdi \u00fcslub adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

159.\u018fm\u0259li yaz\u0131lar dedikd\u0259 n\u0259 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr?
\n-R\u0259smi v\u0259 i\u015fg\u00fczar s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

160. Annotasiya n\u0259dir?
\n-Annotasiya lat\u0131nca annotomik s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259ndir qeyd aparmaq ,\u0259lav\u0259 etm\u0259k dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

161. Annotasiyan\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapmal\u0131d\u0131r?
\n-kitab\u0131n ad\u0131,n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131n ad\u0131,harada n\u0259\u015fr edilm\u0259si,h\u0259cmi.
\n-kitabda m\u00fc\u0259llifin ad\u0131 \u0259 soyad\u0131
\n-kitab\u0131n n\u0259d\u0259n b\u0259hs olunmas\u0131
\n-kitab\u0131n n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259,kimin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaz\u0131lmas\u0131<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

162. Anons n\u0259dir?
\n-Anons frans\u0131zca k\u00fctl\u0259vi bildiri\u015f elan dem\u0259kdir.Radio ,televiziya v\u0259 ya m\u0259tbuatda tama\u015fa ,konsert ,kinofilm v\u0259 s haqq\u0131nda \u0259\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n veril\u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259s\u0259r elan<\/p>\n

163. Elan n\u0259dir?
\n-elan yaz\u0131l\u0131 ,\u00e7ap olunmu\u015f bildiri\u015f,x\u0259b\u0259r,m\u0259lumat dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

164. Elan :
\n-\u018fm\u0259li yaz\u0131lar\u0131n sad\u0259 formalar\u0131ndan biridir.Afi\u015fa ,anons,bildiri\u015f,reklam v\u0259 s formalar\u0131 vard\u0131r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

165. Elan t\u0259rtib olunark\u0259n n\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r?
\n-m\u0259lumat\u0131n say\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq onun mahiyy\u0259ti ,m\u0259zmunu ayd\u0131n qeyd olunmal\u0131 ,vaxt\u0131, saat\u0131 d\u0259qiq g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.
\n-t\u0259dbirin ke\u00e7iril\u0259c\u0259yi yer qeyd edilm\u0259li v\u0259 m\u0259lumat\u0131n kim t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n verilm\u0259si g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n

166.\u018friz\u0259 n\u0259dir?
\n-\u018friz\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bc\u0259 \u0259rz etm\u0259k m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259k dem\u0259kdir.\u018fm\u0259li yaz\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259n sad\u0259 formalar\u0131ndand\u0131r.\u0130ki m\u0259nada i\u015fl\u0259dilir:
\n1.XIX \u0259srin sonlar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r yaz\u0131lan dram \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t m\u0259nas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259dilirdi.
\n2.M\u00fcasir d\u00f6r\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 bir arzu v\u0259 ya xahi\u015f ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u0259ktub,yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcraci\u0259t m\u0259nas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259dilir.<\/p>\n

167.M\u0259zmununa g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259nin iki formas\u0131na t\u0259sad\u00fcf edilir?
\n-\u015fikay\u0259t xarakterli \u0259riz\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 xahi\u015f etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan \u0259riz\u0259l\u0259r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

168.\u018friz\u0259y\u0259 veril\u0259n t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r hans\u0131lard\u0131r?
\n-\u018friz\u0259nin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ,y\u0259ni kim\u0259 v\u0259 kimd\u0259n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u0259qiq olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-\u018friz\u0259nin m\u0259zmunu y\u0131\u011fcam ,faktlar is\u0259 konkret olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-\u018friz\u0259 \u00f6z x\u0259tti il\u0259 yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-\u018friz\u0259nin sonunda il,ay,g\u00fcn v\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259\u00e7inin imzas\u0131 qoyulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

169.Sad\u0259 \u0259m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bliyind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq ,\u0259riz\u0259nin yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f formas\u0131 nec\u0259dir?
\n-v\u0259r\u0259qin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 abzasdan b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259rfl\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n v\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edil\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsin ad\u0131,soyad\u0131 qeyd olunur.
\n-S\u0259trin \u00bd hiss\u0259si h\u0259cmind\u0259 sa\u011f t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 kimd\u0259n ?sual\u0131n\u0131 erm\u0259kl\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259\u00e7inin ad\u0131
\n,soyad\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.
\n-v\u0259r\u0259qin ortas\u0131nda \u0259riz\u0259 s\u00f6z\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131r
\n-t\u0259z\u0259 s\u0259tird\u0259n y\u0131\u011fcam ,ayd\u0131n v\u0259 m\u0259zmunlu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u0259riz\u0259\u00e7inin fikri \u015f\u0259rh olunur.
\n-\u0259riz\u0259nin sonunda \u0259riz\u0259\u00e7inin ad\u0131,soyad\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131r,imzas\u0131 qoyulur v\u0259 onun yaz\u0131lma tarixi g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.<\/p>\n

170.\u0130zahat:
\n-izahat \u0259r\u0259b m\u0259n\u015f\u0259lli s\u00f6zd\u00fcr.\u0130zah s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn c\u0259mi m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

171.Yaz\u0131l\u0131 izahat t\u0259rtib olunark\u0259n n\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l olunmal\u0131d\u0131r?
\n-\u0130zahat\u0131n kim\u0259 v\u0259 kimd\u0259n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u0259qiq g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.
\n-izah olunan,\u015f\u0259rh edil\u0259n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 ayd\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-izahat\u0131 h\u0259r k\u0259s \u00f6z\u00fc yazmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-izahat\u0131n sonunda il,ay,gen v\u0259 izahat\u0131 yazan \u015f\u0259xsin imzas\u0131 qoyulur.<\/p>\n

172.\u0130zahat\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f formas\u0131 nec\u0259dir?
\n-v\u0259r\u0259qin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 abzasdan b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259rfl\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n v\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edil\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsin ad\u0131 ,soyad\u0131 qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-S\u0259trin \u00bd hiss\u0259si h\u0259cmind\u0259 sa\u011f t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 izahat yazan \u015f\u0259xsin ad\u0131,soyad\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.
\n-v\u0259r\u0259qin ortas\u0131nda izahat s\u00f6z\u00fc yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-t\u0259z\u0259 s\u0259tird\u0259n \u0259hat\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t v\u0259 ya s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rhi verilm\u0259lidir.
\n-izahat\u0131n sonunda imza qoyulur v\u0259 yaz\u0131lma tarixi g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.<\/p>\n

173.Teleqram n\u0259dir?
\n-tele- uzaq, qramma \u2013 yaz\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n teleqram uza\u011fa k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

174.Teleqram\u0131n ne\u00e7\u0259 n\u00f6\u00fc vard\u0131r?
\n-2 n\u00f6v\u00fc vard\u0131r.
\n1. m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir hadis\u0259 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat erm\u0259k,yaxud m\u0259lumat almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f teleqram ,burada m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259lumat \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131r
\n2. Pul k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259kl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 teleqramda is\u0259 pulun miqdar\u0131 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

175.Teleqram yazanlar bilm\u0259lidir:
\n-\u00fcnvan ,\u015f\u0259xsin ad\u0131 ,soyad\u0131 d\u0259qiq g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.
\n-m\u0259zmunu y\u0131\u011fcam,ayd\u0131n v\u0259 m\u0259nal\u0131 yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-m\u0259tnd\u0259 ikim\u0259nal\u0131, kobud s\u00f6zl\u0259r,t\u0259hrifl\u0259r olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n-r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r ad\u0259t\u0259n h\u0259rfl\u0259 yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

176. Teleqramlar\u0131n hans\u0131 formalar\u0131 daha \u00e7ox yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r?
\n-teleqram\u0131n adi formas\u0131
\n-t\u0259cili teleqram formas\u0131
\n-x\u00fcsusi teleqram formas\u0131<\/p>\n

177. Teleqram\u0131n adi formas\u0131 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-Bel\u0259 teleqramlarda i\u015fl\u0259n\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259rin \u00fcmumi miqdar\u0131 azl\u0131q t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

178.T\u0259cili teleqram formas\u0131 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-bu formada olan teleqramlarda vaxt m\u0259hduddur<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

179.X\u00fcsusi teleqram formas\u0131 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-bu teleqram\u0131 vuran\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t \u0259siq\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259b olunur.
\n-\u00f6l\u00fcm haqq\u0131nda vurulan teleqram h\u0259kim t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259sdiq olunmal\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259kimin ad\u0131, atas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131, soyad\u0131, m\u00fctl\u0259q g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.
\n-D\u00f6l\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda istifad\u0259 olunan x\u00fcsusi teleqramlar\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 imzalay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

180.M\u0259ktub:
\n-bir \u015feyi bildirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaz\u0131l\u0131b po\u00e7t \u0259 ya ba\u015fqa vasit\u0259 il\u0259 birin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259n \u0259m\u0259li yaz\u0131 n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u018fn geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u018fm\u0259li yaz\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ndir.R\u0259smi \u00fcslubun \u0259n s\u0259rb\u0259st formas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

181. M\u0259ktub ne\u00e7\u0259 hiss\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olur?
\n4 hiss\u0259d\u0259n.M\u00fcraci\u0259t hiss\u0259si ,\u00fcmumi hiss\u0259,f\u0259rql\u0259ndirici hiss\u0259,yekunla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hiss\u0259.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

182. M\u00fcraci\u0259t hiss\u0259si nec\u0259 olur?
\n-Ba\u015fl\u0131q say\u0131lan bu hiss\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259ktubun yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsin ad\u0131,s\u0259n\u0259ti v\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259t \u0259lam\u0259ti olaraq ona veril\u0259n t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

183.\u00dcmumi hiss\u0259 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-burada m\u0259ktubla\u015fan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin \u0259hval- ruhiyy\u0259si,v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131r<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

184. F\u0259rql\u0259ndirici hiss\u0259 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-m\u0259ktubun \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131,m\u0259zmununu \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n bu hiss\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131lanlara aid olan xarakterik \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh edilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

185. Yekunla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hiss\u0259:
\n-m\u0259ktubun sonlu\u011fu hesab olunur.<\/p>\n

186. Reqlament n\u0259dir?
\n-reqlament frans\u0131z s\u00f6z\u00fc olub, m\u00fc\u015favir\u0259nin,iclas\u0131n,qurultay\u0131n,konfrans \u0131n,brifinqin v\u0259 s apar\u0131lmas\u0131 qaydas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda qabaqcadan m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n v\u0259 q\u0259bul edilmi\u015f qaydad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

187. M\u00fcqavil\u0259 n\u0259dir?
\n-m\u00fcqavil\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b s\u00f6z\u00fc olub ,qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259\u0259hh\u00fcdl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan sazi\u015f,ba\u011fla\u015fma,m\u00fcqavil\u0259nam\u0259dir.
\nM\u0259zmununa g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif n\u00f6vl\u0259ri var:s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259si,\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcqavil\u0259si,ticar\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259si v\u0259 s.Bel\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011flan\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259r iki qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259sdiql\u0259nilir.Bel\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rin h\u00fcquqi \u0259sas\u0131 olur v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rd\u0259n birinin s\u0259hvi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 pozulduqda qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fin iddias\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas olur.M\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r qurulu\u015f v\u0259 strukturuna g\u00f6r\u0259 sad\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n

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188. Aray\u0131\u015f n\u0259dir?
\n-h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir \u015f\u0259xsin kimliyini t\u0259sdiq etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir t\u0259\u015fkilat t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n verilir.Aray\u0131\u015f h\u0259r bir \u015f\u0259xsin i\u015f yeri,sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131,ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yeri ,el\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 cinay\u0259t i\u015fi ,yoxlama il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259rtib oluna bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

189. Aray\u0131\u015f m\u0259zmununa g\u00f6r\u0259 nec\u0259 olur?
\n-sad\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

190. Sad\u0259 aray\u0131\u015f :
\n-bir v\u0259 ya bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

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191. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b m\u0259zmunlu aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131:
\n-t\u0259\u015fkilatlar bir-birin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

192. Aray\u0131\u015f nec\u0259 t\u0259rtib olunur?
\n-Aray\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z\u00fc v\u0259r\u0259qin yuxar\u0131 hiss\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259rfl\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r.
\n-Aray\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda sol t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n \u015ftamp\u0131 qoyulur.
\n-ortada aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n m\u0259zmunu yaz\u0131l\u0131r
\n-sonra aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n t\u0259qdim olundu\u011fu yer g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.
\n-\u015etamp\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n qeydiyyat n\u00f6mr\u0259si v\u0259 verildiyi tarix g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.
\n-Ax\u0131rda idar\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259ri imzalay\u0131r v\u0259 m\u00f6h\u00fcr vurulur.<\/p>\n

193. Bildiri\u015f a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi olur:
\n-Bildiri\u015f elan xarakterli olur.
\n-Fevral ay\u0131n\u0131n 27 \u2013d\u0259 15:00-da m\u0259kt\u0259bin iclas zal\u0131nda Arif Quliyevl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olacaq.G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259k s\u0259rb\u0259stdir.<\/p>\n

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194. R\u0259y n\u0259dir?
\n-R\u0259y \u0259r\u0259b s\u00f6z\u00fc olub ,bir \u015fey haqq\u0131nda fikir,m\u00fclahiz\u0259,s\u00f6z m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n

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195. R\u0259y hans\u0131 m\u0259nalarda i\u015fl\u0259dilir?
\n-bir \u0259s\u0259r ,kinofilm v\u0259 s t\u0259hlil v\u0259 t\u0259nqidini ehtiva ed\u0259n m\u0259qal\u0259,yaz\u0131.
\n-fikir,m\u00fclahiz\u0259
\n-r\u0259yimc\u0259 ,r\u0259yinc\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259
\n-r\u0259y verm\u0259k s\u00f6z birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si \u015f\u0259klind\u0259<\/p>\n

196. R\u0259y yazmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar m\u0259nims\u0259nilm\u0259lidir:
\n-r\u0259yin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131.n\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 kim\u0259 verilm\u0259si g\u00f6st\u0259rilir v\u0259 s\u0259hif\u0259nin ortas\u0131nda r\u0259y s\u00f6z\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131r
\n-r\u0259yin \u00fcmumi m\u0259zmunu .Bu \u0259 ya dig\u0259r fakt\u0131n h\u0259m m\u00fcsb\u0259t ,h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259nfi c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259hlil olunur.
\n-r\u0259yin n\u0259tic\u0259si.R\u0259y\u00e7inin ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259klif \u0259 t\u00f6siy\u0259l\u0259r bir ne\u00e7\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259 il\u0259 ifad\u0259 olunur.
\n-imza.Bu hiss\u0259d\u0259 r\u0259y\u00e7i ad\u0131n\u0131,soyad\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 atas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir,qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda is\u0259 imzas\u0131 qoyulur.
\n-tarix.R\u0259y\u00e7i imzas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00f6 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ,g\u00fcn,ay v\u0259 ili g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

197. T\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal n\u0259dir?
\n– T\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal ictimai h\u0259yat\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunan \u0259m\u0259li yaz\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259sidir.\u0130\u015f\u0259 gir\u0259rk\u0259n ,h\u0259r hans\u0131 ictimai ,siyasi t\u0259\u015fkilata \u00fcz olark\u0259n ,r\u0259hb\u0259r v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259ir\u0259li \u015f\u0259kil\u0259rk\u0259n,m\u00fckafat t\u0259qdim olunark\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsin \u00f6z\u00fc haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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198. T\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hala eril\u0259n t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r hans\u0131lard\u0131r?
\n-T\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi \u2013halda \u015f\u0259xsin do\u011fuldu\u011fu il,ay v\u0259 g\u00fcn,yer d\u0259qiq g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir:Respublika,\u015f\u0259h\u0259r,rayon, k\u0259nd.
\n-faktlar ard\u0131c\u0131l sadalanmal\u0131d\u0131r: h\u0259yat\u0131n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri,oxudu\u011fu,i\u015fl\u0259diyi yerl\u0259r,nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri,t\u0259ltifl\u0259ri,ail\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti v\u0259 s
\n-t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal \u015f\u0259xsin \u00f6z x\u0259tti il\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131b imza qoyulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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199. T\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal formas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 :
\n-sad\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n

200. Sad\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal nec\u0259 olur:
\n-\u015f\u0259xs yazln\u0131z \u00f6z\u00fc haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verir<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

201. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal nec\u0259 olur?
\n-\u015f\u0259xs h\u0259m \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn,h\u0259m d\u0259 valideynl\u0259rinin h\u0259yat\u0131,m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verilir.<\/p>\n

202. T\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131n ard\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259xmini nec\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r?
\n-ba\u015fl\u0131q
\n-ad,soyad ,ata ad\u0131
\n-do\u011fuldu\u011fu il,ay,g\u00fcn,yer.
\n-nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri(m\u00fckafat,t\u0259ltifl\u0259ri)
\n-ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri
\n-t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131n yaz\u0131lma tarixi.
\n-t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131 yazan\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsi imzas\u0131<\/p>\n

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