{"id":6830,"date":"2025-03-27T00:25:26","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T20:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yusif.az\/main\/?p=6830"},"modified":"2025-03-27T00:26:48","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T20:26:48","slug":"texniki-d%c9%99st%c9%99k-%c9%99m%c9%99kdaslari-ucun-musahib%c9%99-suallari-v%c9%99-cavablari-it-helpdesk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yusif.az\/main\/?p=6830","title":{"rendered":"Texniki d\u0259st\u0259k \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcsahib\u0259 suallar\u0131 v\u0259 cavablar\u0131 (\u0130T Helpdesk)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Texniki d\u0259st\u0259k \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 100 sual v\u0259 cavablar\u0131 <\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

(\u0130T Helpdesk)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Texniki d\u0259st\u0259k \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcsahib\u0259 suallar\u0131 ad\u0259t\u0259n h\u0259m texniki bilikl\u0259ri, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ri xidm\u0259ti bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirir. Burada texniki m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri h\u0259ll etm\u0259k v\u0259 istifad\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rl\u0259 effektiv \u0259laq\u0259 qurmaq \u00e7ox vacibdir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu tip m\u00fcsahib\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 soru\u015fula bil\u0259c\u0259k m\u00fcxt\u0259lif suallar\u0131n v\u0259 onlar\u0131n cavablar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259trafl\u0131 siyah\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259qdim edir\u0259m<\/span><\/p>\n

Sual 1: Texniki d\u0259st\u0259k xidm\u0259tind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunan \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 olunan \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259ri hans\u0131lard\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Windows, macOS, Linux<\/p>\n

Sual 2: Texniki d\u0259st\u0259k m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisi bir m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259riy\u0259 nec\u0259 yard\u0131m etm\u0259lidir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: S\u0259birli, pe\u015f\u0259kar v\u0259 dostyana \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259rinin probleml\u0259rini anlama\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015faraq, onlar\u0131 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li v\u0259 t\u0259sirli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259ll etm\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259ldilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n

Sual 3: \u201cIP address\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: IP \u00fcnvan\u0131 (\u0130nternet Protokolu \u00fcnvan\u0131) \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki bir cihaz\u0131n unikal identifikatorudur. Bu, cihaz\u0131n internet\u0259 qo\u015fulmas\u0131na imkan verir.Hal-haz\u0131rda \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259kd\u0259 olan IPv4 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 32 bit h\u0259cmind\u0259 IP \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 istifad\u0259 edilir v\u0259 n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259r il\u0259 ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 4 \u0259d\u0259d 8 bitlik r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, 212.85.102.14. Bel\u0259 i\u015far\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 IP \u00fcnvan\u0131 formas\u0131 adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

IPv6 (\u0130nternet Protokolunun 6-c\u0131 versiyas\u0131) \u0130nternet Protokolunun (IP) alt\u0131nc\u0131 reviziyas\u0131 v\u0259 IPv4-\u00fcn varisidir.Amma onun bir m\u00fch\u00fcm f\u0259rqi var: 128 bitlik IP \u00fcnvan\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n

Pv6-da \u00fcnvanlar 8 (s\u0259kkiz) oktetd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir v\u0259 16 (onalt\u0131l\u0131q) bazas\u0131nda t\u0259msil olunur. 128 bit \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 16 bitlik hiss\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 (oktetl\u0259r\u0259) b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. H\u0259r bir oktet \u0259sas onalt\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7evrilir. V\u0259 onlar iki n\u00f6qt\u0259 (:) il\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131r.M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n:\u00a0 21DA:00D3:0000:2F3B:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A IPv6;<\/p>\n

Sual 4: \u201cDNS\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: DNS (Domain Name System), domen adlar\u0131n\u0131 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, google.com) IP \u00fcnvanlar\u0131na \u00e7evir\u0259n sistemdir. Bu sistem veb saytlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 tap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 5: \u201cPing\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: Ping \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 diaqnostika al\u0259tidir v\u0259 uzaq server\u0259 sor\u011fu g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259sinin aktiv olub olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131r.Siz CMD v\u0259 ya terminal\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7d\u0131n\u0131z. Etm\u0259li oldu\u011funuz yaln\u0131z bir \u0259mr var: ping webtasarim34.com<\/strong> yaza bil\u0259rsiniz v\u0259 ya bunu birba\u015fa IP \u00fcnvan\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259yirsinizs\u0259, ping 141.98.205.146<\/strong> ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k. Windows \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259rind\u0259 ping mexanizmi 4 paketin g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259si v\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u015f verir, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 sonda 4 paketin g\u00f6nd\u0259rildiyini g\u00f6r\u0259c\u0259ksiniz v\u0259 t\u0259bii ki, \u0259laq\u0259d\u0259 k\u0259silm\u0259 olmazsa, 4 cavab g\u0259lir. Linux v\u0259 macOS \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t bir q\u0259d\u0259r f\u0259rqlidir. \u018fg\u0259r komandan\u0131 yazark\u0259n paketl\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259s\u0259niz, bu proses qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fcdd\u0259t\u0259 davam ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Windows-da oldu\u011fu kimi 4 paket g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k ist\u0259yirsinizs\u0259, bunu ping -c 4 il\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz.<\/p>\n

Sual 6: Firewall n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Firewall, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daxil olan v\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan trafiki monitorinq edir v\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rli trafikd\u0259n qorunma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.Firewall qurlu\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 h\u0259m proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 formas\u0131nda h\u0259m d\u0259 fiziki qur\u011fu formas\u0131nda ola bilir.<\/p>\n

Sual 7: \u201cIP konfigurasiya\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259y\u0259 xidm\u0259t edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: IP konfiqurasiyas\u0131, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 qo\u015fulmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn cihaz\u0131n \u00fcnvan v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259yin edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 8: \u201cProxy server\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Proxy server, istifad\u0259\u00e7i v\u0259 internet aras\u0131nda vasit\u0259\u00e7i rolunu oynayaraq, trafikin y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sini v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 9: \u201cCloud computing\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Cloud computing, m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n v\u0259 proqramlar\u0131n internet \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259min edilm\u0259si v\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si xidm\u0259tidir.<\/p>\n

Sual 10: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i proqram\u0131 a\u00e7ark\u0259n \u201c404 Error\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcr, bu n\u0259 dem\u0259kdir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: \u201c404 Error\u201d s\u0259hif\u0259 tap\u0131lmad\u0131qda meydana g\u0259lir. Bu, istifad\u0259\u00e7inin m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdiyi URL-nin m\u00f6vcud olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

Sual 11: RAM v\u0259 ROM aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: RAM (Random Access Memory) m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti yadda\u015fd\u0131r, veril\u0259nl\u0259r yaln\u0131z cihaz i\u015fl\u0259diyi m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 daimi olaraq saxlay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ROM yadda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n alt n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 PROM (proqramla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259n ROM), EPROM (silin\u0259n proqramla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259n ROM) v\u0259 EEPROM (elektrikl\u0259 silin\u0259 bil\u0259n proqramla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259n ROM) daxildir. Bu tip m\u0259lumatlarda m\u0259lumatlar m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00fcsullarla yaz\u0131la v\u0259 ya silin\u0259 bil\u0259r. RAM yadda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n alt n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 DRAM (Dinamik RAM) v\u0259 SRAM (Statik RAM) daxildir. DRAM daha y\u00fcks\u0259k tutum t\u0259klif edir, SRAM is\u0259 daha s\u00fcr\u0259tli giri\u015f vaxt\u0131 t\u0259min edir. DRAM daha \u0259lveri\u015flidir, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 daha geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 12: \u201cMalware\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 nec\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Malware (z\u0259r\u0259rli proqramlar) istifad\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin cihazlar\u0131na z\u0259r\u0259r verm\u0259k v\u0259 ya m\u0259lumat o\u011furlamaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f proqramlard\u0131r. Onlardan qorunmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn antivirus proqramlar\u0131, m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m proqram yenil\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259li linkl\u0259rd\u0259n uzaq durmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 13: \u201cSystem Restore\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 hans\u0131 hallarda istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: System Restore, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemini \u0259vv\u0259lki v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 qaytarma\u011fa imkan ver\u0259n funksiyad\u0131r. Proqram v\u0259 sistem s\u0259hvl\u0259rini d\u00fcz\u0259ltm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 14: \u201cDisk defragmentation\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Disk defragmentation diskin \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki fayllar\u0131 optimalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 sabit diskd\u0259 par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f fayllar\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k sistemin performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 15: \u201cSafe Mode\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Safe Mode, yaln\u0131z vacib s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259r v\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 Windows-un ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u0259m\u0259liyyat rejimidir. Bu, sistemd\u0259ki probleml\u0259ri h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 16: \u201cBIOS\u201d (Basic Input-Output System)n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: BIOS, (\u018fsas Giri\u015f-\u00c7\u0131x\u0131\u015f Sistemi). Bu, EPROM adl\u0131 \u00e7ipd\u0259 ROM Yadda\u015f (Yaln\u0131z Oxunan Yadda\u015f) \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n bir proqram n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. Komp\u00fcter i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131nan kimi, m\u00fcvafiq olaraq, b\u00fct\u00fcn dig\u0259r avadanl\u0131qlar\u0131 prosessorla tan\u0131\u015f edir. Avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259sas rabit\u0259 protokollar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. O, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c elementl\u0259rini ist\u0259nil\u0259n diskd\u0259n (hard disk, CD-ROM v\u0259 s.) y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. \u018fm\u0259liyyat sistemi i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n aparat v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemi aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259nziml\u0259yir.<\/p>\n

Sual 17: Wi-Fi \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sind\u0259 \u201cSSID\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: SSID (Service Set Identifier), Wi-Fi \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sinin unikal ad\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 qo\u015fulmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n

Sual 18: \u201cBlue Screen of Death\u201d (BSOD) n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: BSOD, Windows \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemind\u0259 ciddi sistem s\u0259hvini v\u0259 ya hardware probleml\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n mavi ekrand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 19: \u0130stifad\u0259\u00e7inin parolunu unutduqda n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Parolu s\u0131f\u0131rlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015fifr\u0259nin s\u0131f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan vasit\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, e-po\u00e7t vasit\u0259sil\u0259) istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 20: \u201cTask Manager\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Task Manager, sistemd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n t\u0259tbiql\u0259ri v\u0259 prosessl\u0259ri izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan bir vasit\u0259dir. Burada i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n prosesl\u0259ri dayand\u0131rmaq v\u0259 ya sistem performans\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Sual 21: \u201cLAN\u201d v\u0259 \u201cWAN\u201d aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rql\u0259r n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: LAN (Local Area Network) yerli \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259dir v\u0259 ki\u00e7ik bir co\u011frafi sah\u0259d\u0259 istifad\u0259 edilir, WAN (Wide Area Network) is\u0259 geni\u015f \u0259raziy\u0259 yay\u0131lan \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Sual 22: \u201cTCP\/IP\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: TCP\/IP (Transmission Control Protocol\/Internet Protocol) \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan protokollar toplusudur.<\/p>\n

Sual 23: \u201cEthernet\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Ethernet, yerli \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 cihazlar\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n \u0259n geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunan kabel v\u0259 protokol n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Sual 24: \u201cVPN\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: VPN (Virtual Private Network), internet \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f \u0259laq\u0259 quraraq \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 uzaqdan t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz qo\u015fulma\u011fa imkan verir.<\/p>\n

Sual 25: \u201cBandwidth\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Bandwidth, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n veril\u0259n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tini \u00f6l\u00e7\u0259n bir parametredir.<\/p>\n

Sual 26: \u201cRouter\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Router \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u0259ndir\u0259n cihazd\u0131r v\u0259 internet\u0259 qo\u015fulma t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 27: \u201cSubnet mask\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Subnet mask, IP \u00fcnvanlar\u0131n\u0131n hans\u0131 hiss\u0259sinin \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 adresi v\u0259 hans\u0131 hiss\u0259sinin host adresi oldu\u011funu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259n parametrdir.<\/p>\n

Sual 28: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 metodlardan istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: \u015eifr\u0259l\u0259m\u0259, firewall-lar, VPN-l\u0259r, antivirus proqramlar\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 monitorinqi.<\/p>\n

Sual 29: \u201cDHCP\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 qo\u015fulan cihazlara avtomatik olaraq IP \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 konfiqurasiyalar\u0131 t\u0259yin ed\u0259n protokoldur.UDP 67 v\u0259 68 portlar\u0131n\u0131 istifad\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n

DHCP Server v\u0259 DHCP Client-l\u0259r \u0130P al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015fini 4- add\u0131mda ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n

1.DHCP Discovery<\/strong> -\u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 daxil olmu\u015f yeni komp\u00fcter bir \u0130P adresi axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131xar. DHCP Discovery paketi broadcast olaraq (255.255.255.255, FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF) \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir.
\n2.DHCP Offer – <\/strong>Bu paketl\u0259ri alan DHCP Server DHCP Offer \u2013l\u0259 ip adresi, subnetmask v\u0259 icar\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259ti kimi informasiyalar\u0131 h\u0259min komp\u00fcter\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k, onun DHCP Discovery \u2013 paketin\u0259 cavab verir.
\n3.DHCP Request<\/strong> – \u0130P – ist\u0259yi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015f komp\u00fcter DHCP Offer-\u0259 DHCP Request \u2013l\u0259 cavab verir. Bu cavabdan sonra DHCP Server \u2013 h\u0259min komp\u00fcter\u0259 t\u0259klif etdiyi \u0130P- adresini icar\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259ti boyunca \u00f6z m\u0259lumat bazas\u0131na qeydiyyat ed\u0259r.
\n4.DHCP Acknowledgment\u00a0<\/strong>– Bunun ard\u0131ndan DHCP Server \u0130P – ist\u0259yi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015f komp\u00fcter\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n u\u011furla ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair cavab paketi olaraq DHCP Acknowledgment (ACK) \u2013 paketini g\u00f6n\u0259d\u0259rir. Bu paketl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u0130P – ist\u0259yi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015f komp\u00fcter\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r varsa Gateway, DNS , Wins v\u0259 s. kimi informasiyalar son olaraq \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.\u018fg\u0259r \u0259m\u0259liyyat u\u011furlu n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259s\u0259 DHCP Server ACK yerin\u0259 NACK(Negative Acknowledgment) paketini h\u0259min komp\u00fcter\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir v\u0259 yuxar\u0131da sadalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar yenid\u0259n ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Sual 30: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tini art\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 add\u0131mlar at\u0131la bil\u0259r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli router-l\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259, kabelin optimalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Wi-Fi kanallar\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ilm\u0259si v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 trafi\u011finin azald\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sual 31: \u201cMAC address\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: MAC address (Media Access Control), \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 qo\u015fulmu\u015f h\u0259r bir cihaz\u0131n unikal fiziki \u00fcnvan\u0131d\u0131r.M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, komp\u00fcterinizd\u0259 modeminizin v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 kart\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n h\u0259r birinin \u00f6z MAC \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 var. MAC 48 bitlik bir \u00fcnvan oldu\u011fundan, 248 = 281,474,976,710,656 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 kartlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.MAC \u00fcnvan\u0131 istehsal\u00e7\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n komp\u00fcterin Ethernet kart\u0131nda kodlanm\u0131\u015f m\u0259lumatd\u0131r. H\u0259r bir avadanl\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi bir \u00fcnvan var. Eyni MAC \u00fcnvan\u0131 olan bird\u0259n \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 cihaz\u0131 yoxdur. MAC \u00fcnvan\u0131 6 oktetd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. \u0130lk 3 oktet avadanl\u0131q istehsal ed\u0259n \u015firk\u0259ti g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Son 3 oktet hardware g\u00f6st\u0259rir.MAC \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 “:” i\u015far\u0259si il\u0259 ayr\u0131laraq onalt\u0131l\u0131q sisteml\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r: 01:23:45:67:89:AB. B\u0259zi MAC \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 x\u00fcsusi \u00fcnvanlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF \u00fcnvan\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn cihazlara yay\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.
\n\u0130lk bitl\u0259ri 01-00-5E olan \u00fcnvanlar “multicast” \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.
\nYerli t\u0259yin edilmi\u015f MAC \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 02 il\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.
\nMAC \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 v\u0259 IP \u00fcnvanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0259laq\u0259 ARP v\u0259 RARP protokollar\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir.<\/p>\n

Sual 32: \u201cSSL\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: SSL (Secure Socket Layer), internet \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259sini t\u0259min ed\u0259n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik protokoludur.<\/p>\n

Sual 33: \u201cPOP3\u201d v\u0259 \u201cIMAP\u201d aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rql\u0259r n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: POP3, e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131 serverd\u0259n y\u00fckl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k cihazda saxlay\u0131r, IMAP is\u0259 e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131 serverd\u0259 saxlayaraq m\u00fcxt\u0259lif cihazlardan eyni po\u00e7tu idar\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.H\u0259r ikisi e-maild\u0259n mesajlar\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259k protokoludur.POP3 (Po\u00e7t \u015f\u00f6b\u0259si protokolu)<\/strong> e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131 serverd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kib yerli komp\u00fcterinizd\u0259 (i\u015f masas\u0131, noutbuk v\u0259 s.) saxlama\u011fa imkan ver\u0259n e-po\u00e7t protokoludur, onlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdiyiniz zaman serverd\u0259ki e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131 silm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir v\u0259 dig\u0259r komp\u00fcterl\u0259rd\u0259n veb po\u00e7t v\u0259 dig\u0259r e-po\u00e7t provayderl\u0259ri vasit\u0259sil\u0259 giri\u015f\u0259 icaz\u0259 vermir. Sonda 3 r\u0259q\u0259mi protokolun versiya n\u00f6mr\u0259sidir. Pop3 po\u00e7t serverl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u00e7ox populyar olmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi asanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 x\u0259ta d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si il\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259k qabiliyy\u0259tidir. Bu g\u00fcn \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn e-po\u00e7t oxuma proqramlar\u0131, Outlook, Eudora, Thunderbird, IOS Mail, avtomatik olaraq POP3 protokolunu d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yir. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, e-po\u00e7t q\u0259bulu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn port 110 istifad\u0259 olunur.IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)<\/strong> istifad\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 bir \u00e7ox m\u00fcxt\u0259lif e-po\u00e7t serverl\u0259rind\u0259 e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 idar\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. E-po\u00e7tlar yerli komp\u00fcter\u0259 endiril\u0259 bilm\u0259z, onlar yaln\u0131z serverd\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259 des\u0259k, bu, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn BULUD sisteminin bir n\u00f6v x\u00fclas\u0259sidir. POP protokolundan daha yeni sistemdir. POP3 v\u0259 POP3 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259rq ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, IMAP siz\u0259 e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131 server vasit\u0259sil\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, yerli komp\u00fcterinizd\u0259 saxlanm\u0131r. IMAP protokolundan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yoxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman komp\u00fcterinizd\u0259 he\u00e7 n\u0259 saxlan\u0131lm\u0131r, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259lumatlar serverd\u0259dir.IMAP-\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di bird\u0259n \u00e7ox m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259rinin po\u00e7t qutusuna giri\u015f\u0259 icaz\u0259 verm\u0259kdir. IMAP serveri sad\u0259 port 143-d\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259rk\u0259n, SSL n\u0259zar\u0259ti il\u0259 993-c\u00fc portdan istifad\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sual 34: \u201cPing\u201d v\u0259 \u201cTraceroute\u201d aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Ping \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259sinin olub-olmamas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat verir, Traceroute is\u0259 m\u0259lumat\u0131n hans\u0131 mar\u015frut \u00fczr\u0259 ke\u00e7diyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

Sual 35: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259d\u0259 \u201clatency\u201d n\u0259 dem\u0259kdir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Latency, m\u0259lumat\u0131n bir n\u00f6qt\u0259d\u0259n dig\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ke\u00e7\u0259n vaxtd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 36: \u201cIPv4\u201d v\u0259 \u201cIPv6\u201d aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: IPv4 32-bit \u00fcnvan istifad\u0259 edir, IPv6 is\u0259 128-bit \u00fcnvanla daha \u00e7ox cihaz\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n

Sual 37: Hans\u0131 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 protokolu istifad\u0259 edil\u0259r\u0259k bir cihaz dig\u0259rin\u0259 fayl g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: FTP (File Transfer Protocol) v\u0259 ya SMB (Server Message Block) protokollar\u0131 istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 38: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 probleml\u0259rini h\u0259ll ed\u0259rk\u0259n istifad\u0259\u00e7i hans\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r?<\/strong> Cavab: Ping, tracert, netstat, ipconfig, nslookup kimi al\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 39: \u201cQoS\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: QoS (Quality of Service), \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 xidm\u0259tl\u0259rinin keyfiyy\u0259tini t\u0259min etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n prioritetl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si texnologiyas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 40: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 probleml\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 hans\u0131 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Fiziki \u0259laq\u0259ni yoxlamaq, IP \u00fcnvan\u0131 t\u0259yini, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n ba\u015flatmaq v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 trafiki analizi aparmaq.<\/p>\n

Sual 41: Windows-da yeni bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i hesab\u0131 nec\u0259 yarad\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Control Panel > User Accounts > Manage Accounts > Add a new user se\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259k yeni hesab \u0259lav\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 42: \u201cTask Scheduler\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Task Scheduler m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n vaxtlarda v\u0259 ya m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n proqramlar\u0131 v\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131qlar\u0131 avtomatik olaraq yerin\u0259 yetirir.<\/p>\n

Sual 43: Linux \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemind\u0259 istifad\u0259\u00e7i hesab\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 yaratmaq olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: useradd <istifad\u0259\u00e7i_ad\u0131> \u0259mri il\u0259 yeni istifad\u0259\u00e7i \u0259lav\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 44: Windows-da \u201cSystem File Checker\u201d (SFC) nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: SFC, sistem fayllar\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131r v\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f fayllar\u0131 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. sfc \/scannow \u0259mri il\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 45: Windows-da \u201cEvent Viewer\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Event Viewer, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin v\u0259 t\u0259tbiql\u0259rinin loglar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 x\u0259talar\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.<\/p>\n

Sual 46: Windows-da proqramlar\u0131n qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 \u0259sas add\u0131mlar izl\u0259nilir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Setup fayl\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259d\u0259r\u0259k add\u0131mlar\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k, qura\u015fd\u0131rma parametrl\u0259rini se\u00e7m\u0259k v\u0259 proqram\u0131 y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Sual 47: Linux-da bir fayl\u0131n icaz\u0259l\u0259rini nec\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: chmod \u0259mrind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k fayl\u0131n icaz\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259yi\u015fdiril\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 48: \u201cWindows Update\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Windows Update, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik yenil\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rini v\u0259 t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259l\u0259rini avtomatik olaraq y\u00fckl\u0259y\u0259n v\u0259 qura\u015fd\u0131ran xidm\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

Sual 49: Mac OS-da \u201cTime Machine\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Time Machine, Mac OS-da avtomatik ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259 yaratma\u011fa v\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lki v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 geri qay\u0131tma\u011fa imkan ver\u0259n bir proqramd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 50: Windows-da \u201cControl Panel\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Control Panel, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin parametrl\u0259rini idar\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n \u0259sas vasit\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Sual 51: Linux-da sistemin disk istifad\u0259sini nec\u0259 yoxlamaq olar?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: df \u0259mri il\u0259 disk istifad\u0259si yoxlan\u0131la bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 52: Mac OS-da \u201cActivity Monitor\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Activity Monitor, i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n prosesl\u0259ri izl\u0259m\u0259k, sistem resurslar\u0131n\u0131 analiz etm\u0259k v\u0259 t\u0259tbiql\u0259ri ba\u011flamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 53: Windows-da bir proqram\u0131n problem yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 t\u0259yin ed\u0259rsiniz?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Event Viewer v\u0259 Task Manager-d\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k proqram\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini v\u0259 sistemin resurs istifad\u0259sini izl\u0259m\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n

Sual 54: \u201cWindows Registry\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Windows Registry, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin v\u0259 t\u0259tbiql\u0259rinin konfiqurasiya m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n\u0131 saxlayan bir veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 55: \u201cDisk Cleanup\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Disk Cleanup, sistemd\u0259 laz\u0131ms\u0131z fayllar\u0131 sil\u0259r\u0259k s\u0259rb\u0259st yer yaratma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 56: Linux-da t\u0259tbiql\u0259ri nec\u0259 qura\u015fd\u0131rmaq olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: apt-get install <proqram_ad\u0131> v\u0259 ya yum install <proqram_ad\u0131> \u0259mrl\u0259ri il\u0259 t\u0259tbiql\u0259r qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 57: Mac OS-da \u201cTerminal\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Terminal, Mac OS-d\u0259 \u0259mrl\u0259ri daxil ed\u0259r\u0259k sistem\u0259 komanda ver\u0259n bir t\u0259tbiqdir.<\/p>\n

Sual 58: Windows-da bir proqram\u0131 nec\u0259 silm\u0259k olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Control Panel > Programs > Uninstall a Program b\u00f6lm\u0259sind\u0259n proqram silin\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Sual 59: \u201cLinux Package Manager\u201d n\u0259 edir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Linux Package Manager, paketl\u0259ri (t\u0259tbiql\u0259ri) idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, apt v\u0259 ya yum menecerl\u0259ri.<\/p>\n

Sual 60: \u201cSystem Restore Point\u201d n\u0259dir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: System Restore Point, \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteminin \u0259vv\u0259lki v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 qay\u0131tmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yarad\u0131lan n\u00f6qt\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

Sual 61: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i proqram\u0131 a\u00e7ark\u0259n \u201cApplication not responding\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: Task Manager vasit\u0259sil\u0259 problemi yaradan proqram\u0131 ba\u011flamaq v\u0259 yenid\u0259n a\u00e7ma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaq.<\/p>\n

Sual 62: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i Wi-Fi \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sin\u0259 qo\u015fulma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fark\u0259n \u201cNetwork unavailable\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Routeri yenid\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131n, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 parametrl\u0259rini yoxlay\u0131n v\u0259 ya Wi-Fi adapterini yenid\u0259n qo\u015fun.<\/p>\n

Sual 63: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i \u201cPrinter not found\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Printerin qo\u015fulmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259rin qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 64: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i e-po\u00e7tlar\u0131n\u0131 alark\u0259n \u201cConnection timed out\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: \u0130nternet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 po\u00e7t serverinin parametrl\u0259rini yoxlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 65: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i ekran\u0131n qarald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Ekran\u0131n parlaq olub olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n, ekran kart\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259rini yenil\u0259yin v\u0259 ya kabelin yax\u015f\u0131 qo\u015fuldu\u011fundan \u0259min olun.<\/p>\n

Sual 66: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i Windows-da \u201cBlue Screen of Death\u201d (BSOD) al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Son d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya yeni qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f proqramlar\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259ri yenil\u0259yin v\u0259 hardware-u test edin.<\/p>\n

Sual 67: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i \u201cFile not found\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Fayl\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu yoxlay\u0131n, axtar\u0131\u015f vasit\u0259sil\u0259 fayl\u0131 tapma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n v\u0259 ya fayl\u0131n yolunu d\u00fcz\u0259ldin.<\/p>\n

Sual 68: \u201cPrinter not responding\u201d mesaj\u0131 ald\u0131qda, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Printerin qo\u015fulmas\u0131n\u0131, printer s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259ri yenil\u0259yin.<\/p>\n

Sual 69: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i internet\u0259 qo\u015fulmaqda \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259kir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 kabelini, Wi-Fi ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n, modem v\u0259 router-i yenid\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 70: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i \u201cDisk Full\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Diskd\u0259ki laz\u0131ms\u0131z fayllar\u0131 silin, disk sah\u0259sini optimalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 71: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i \u201cApplication crashed\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Proqram\u0131n yenil\u0259m\u0259sini yoxlay\u0131n, proqram\u0131 yenid\u0259n qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131n v\u0259 ya g\u00fcnc\u0259ll\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edin.<\/p>\n

Sual 72: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i e-po\u00e7t g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259 bilmir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: E-po\u00e7t serverini yoxlay\u0131n, hesab parametrl\u0259rini yoxlay\u0131n v\u0259 \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259sini test edin.<\/p>\n

Sual 73: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i USB cihaz\u0131n\u0131 qo\u015fanda \u201cDevice not recognized\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131r, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: USB portu v\u0259 cihaz\u0131 yoxlay\u0131n, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259ri yenil\u0259yin.<\/p>\n

Sual 74: \u201cMemory full\u201d mesaj\u0131 al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131zsa, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: RAM-i azad etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259tdiyiniz proqramlar\u0131 ba\u011flay\u0131n, laz\u0131ms\u0131z veril\u0259nl\u0259ri silin.<\/p>\n

Sual 75: \u201cWindows not booting\u201d problemi il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131zsa, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz rejimd\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131n v\u0259 sistemin t\u0259mirini v\u0259 ya b\u0259rpas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131nay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 76: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i proqram\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: \u018fg\u0259r proqram\u0131n yenil\u0259nm\u0259si laz\u0131md\u0131rsa, yenil\u0259yin v\u0259 ya yenid\u0259n qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 77: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i ekran\u0131n qeyri-adi r\u0259ngl\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259ndiyini bildirir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: Ekran kart\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u0259rini yenil\u0259yin v\u0259 ya ekran\u0131n parlaq v\u0259 r\u0259ng parametrl\u0259rini yoxlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n

Sual 78: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i cihaz\u0131n \u00e7ox yava\u015f i\u015fl\u0259diyini bildirir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Sistem\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rli proqramlar\u0131n yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131, RAM v\u0259 CPU istifad\u0259sini yoxlamaq, optimalla\u015fd\u0131rma t\u0259klif etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Sual 79: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i proqram\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Proqram\u0131 yenid\u0259n qura\u015fd\u0131rmaq v\u0259 ya x\u0259tan\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201cEvent Viewer\u201dd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edin.<\/p>\n

Sual 80: Bir istifad\u0259\u00e7i \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 problem ya\u015fay\u0131rsa, n\u0259 etm\u0259liyik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131n, \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 parametrl\u0259rini yoxlay\u0131n v\u0259 ya IP konfiqurasiyas\u0131n\u0131 yenil\u0259yin.<\/p>\n

Sual 81: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 problemi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar hans\u0131 \u0259sas diaqnostika al\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: ping, tracert, nslookup, netstat al\u0259tl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 probleml\u0259rini t\u0259hlil etm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 82: M\u00fct\u0259madi olaraq veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259lidir? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: \u015eifr\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si, \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi, veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131 backup-\u0131 v\u0259 istifad\u0259\u00e7i rolunun d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259yini.<\/p>\n

Sual 83: Proqram s\u0259hvl\u0259rini tapmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edilir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Debugging al\u0259tl\u0259ri, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Visual Studio, Eclipse v\u0259 ya IDE-in daxilind\u0259ki debugging funksiyalar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sual 84: Veb serverd\u0259ki s\u0259hvl\u0259ri tapmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 m\u0259lumatlardan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: Server log fayllar\u0131, HTTP status kodlar\u0131 (500, 404), v\u0259 s\u0259hv mesajlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sual 85: T\u0259tbiqd\u0259 performans problemi a\u015fkarlanarsa, hans\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259lisiniz? <\/strong><\/p>\n

Cavab: Task Manager, Resource Monitor, Profiler al\u0259tl\u0259ri, v\u0259 ya x\u00fcsusi t\u0259tbiq performans monitorinqi.<\/p>\n

Sual 86: T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri olaraq bir serveri nec\u0259 qorumaq olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Firewall istifad\u0259si, yenil\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259tbiqi, parol g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si, server\u0259 \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi.<\/p>\n

Sual 87: M\u0259xfilik siyas\u0259tinin qorunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 \u0259sas t\u0259dbirl\u0259r al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: \u015eifr\u0259 siyas\u0259tl\u0259ri, m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si, giri\u015f h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 v\u0259 \u00e7ox faktorlu identifikasiya.<\/p>\n

Sual 88: Veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 t\u0259min etm\u0259k olar?<\/strong>
\nCavab: M\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m ehtiyat n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rinin al\u0131nmas\u0131, disaster recovery (f\u0259lak\u0259t b\u0259rpas\u0131) planlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sual 89: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 performans\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 al\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Wireshark, NetFlow, SolarWinds, Nagios kimi al\u0259tl\u0259r \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 performans\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Sual 90: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259si problemli olduqda \u201cIP conflict\u201d nec\u0259 h\u0259ll edilir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: IP \u00fcnvanlar\u0131n\u0131n yenid\u0259n t\u0259yin edilm\u0259si v\u0259 ya DHCP serverinin yenid\u0259n ba\u015flad\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sual 91: Sistem yava\u015f i\u015fl\u0259dikd\u0259 hans\u0131 add\u0131mlar\u0131 atmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Sistem resurslar\u0131n\u0131 yoxlamaq, i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n proqramlar\u0131 ba\u011flamaq, viruslardan t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 RAM-i azad etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Sual 92: E-po\u00e7t serverind\u0259 problem a\u015fkar edildikd\u0259 hans\u0131 add\u0131mlar at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Serverin konfiqurasiyas\u0131n\u0131 yoxlamaq, log fayllar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259k v\u0259 e-po\u00e7t xidm\u0259tinin parametrl\u0259rini t\u0259sdiql\u0259m\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Sual 93: \u201cSMTP\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 n\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) e-po\u00e7t g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan protokoldur.<\/p>\n

Sual 94: Firewall nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Firewall \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 trafikini izl\u0259yir v\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rli trafikl\u0259ri bloklay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 95: \u201cLoad balancing\u201d n\u0259dir v\u0259 niy\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Load balancing, serverl\u0259r aras\u0131nda trafikin optimal paylanmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir v\u0259 sistemin daha s\u00fcr\u0259tli i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259sini t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n

Sual 96: Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc nec\u0259 almal\u0131yam?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Windows-da \u201cPrtSc\u201d d\u00fcym\u0259si il\u0259, Mac-d\u0259 \u201cCmd+Shift+4\u201d il\u0259 ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual 97: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 protokollar\u0131n\u0131 yoxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 \u0259mrl\u0259r istifad\u0259 olunur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: netstat, ipconfig, nslookup.<\/p>\n

Sual 98: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisi hans\u0131 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik protokollar\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259lidir?<\/strong>
\nCavab: SSL\/TLS, IPSec, VPN, WPA2.<\/p>\n

Sual 99: Bir t\u0259tbiqin y\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tini nec\u0259 optimalla\u015fd\u0131ra bil\u0259rik?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Proqram\u0131n kodunu optimalla\u015fd\u0131rmaq, istifad\u0259\u00e7i interfeysini y\u00fcng\u00fcll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k v\u0259 laz\u0131ms\u0131z funksiyalar\u0131 silm\u0259k.<\/p>\n

Sual 100: \u015e\u0259b\u0259k\u0259 performans\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hans\u0131 \u00fcsullar m\u00f6vcuddur?<\/strong>
\nCavab: Ping, traceroute, SNMP monitorinqi, a\u011f t\u0131xan\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131 testi.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif:<\/span>\u00a0Orkhan Jalalov<\/a> <\/strong>& mod by<\/span> Emin Ucarli<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
<\/div>
\r\n