{"id":868,"date":"2018-03-15T22:06:37","date_gmt":"2018-03-15T18:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yusif.az\/main\/?p=868"},"modified":"2018-03-15T22:07:57","modified_gmt":"2018-03-15T18:07:57","slug":"proqram-t%c9%99minati-haqqinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yusif.az\/main\/?p=868","title":{"rendered":"Proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Komp\u00fcterin proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 [software]<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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Komp\u00fcterin h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir i\u015fi yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn aparat t\u0259minat\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131,ona g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259r toplusu, y\u0259ni proqramlar laz\u0131md\u0131r. Klaviaturada kla vi\u015fin bas\u0131lmas\u0131na,si\u00e7an\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin\u0259, ba\u015fqa komp\u00fcterd\u0259n informasiyan\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131na v\u0259 dig\u0259r h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 komp\u00fcterin nec\u0259 reaksiya verm\u0259sini m\u0259hz proqramlar m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. Ekrana g\u00f6 r\u00fcn t\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, s\u0259n\u0259din printerd\u0259 \u00e7ap olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131, kom p\u00fcterd\u0259 musiqinin s\u0259sl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sini proqramlar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir.
\nKomp\u00fcterin proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 [software]<\/strong>\u00a0komp\u00fcter sisteminin ayr\u0131lmaz bir hiss\u0259si olub, komp\u00fcterin texniki t\u0259minat\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259ntiqi davam\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Komp\u00fcterin konkret t\u0259tbiq sah\u0259si onun proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olunur.Komp\u00fcterin \u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u201cbacar\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d yoxdur. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u201cbacar\u0131qlar\u201d komp\u00fcterd\u0259icra olunan proqramlarda c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdirilib. M\u00fcasir komp\u00fcterl\u0259rin proqram t\u0259minat\u0131 oyun proqramlar\u0131ndan tutmu\u015f elmi proqramlara kimi milyonlarla proqramdan ibar\u0259tdir. Komp\u00fcterd\u0259 olan b\u00fct\u00fcn proqramlar\u0131 \u015f\u0259rti olaraq \u00fc\u00e7 sinf\u0259 ay\u0131rmaq olar: sistem proqramlar\u0131, t\u0259tbiqi proqramlar, proqramla\u015fd\u0131rma al\u0259tl\u0259ri.<\/p>\n

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Sistem proqramlar\u0131.\u00a0<\/strong>
\nSistem proqramlar\u0131 komp\u00fcterin resurslar\u0131n\u0131 \u2013 m\u0259rk\u0259zi prosessoru, yadda\u015f\u0131, giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f qur\u011fular\u0131n\u0131 idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Onlar b\u00fct\u00fcn istifad\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f proqramlard\u0131r. Komp\u00fcterin sistem proqramlar\u0131 el\u0259 haz\u0131rlan\u0131r ki, t\u0259tbiqi proqramlar s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259 bilsin. Sistem proqramlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259ri x\u00fcsusi yer tutur, sistem proq ram t\u0259minat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemi t\u0259\u015fkil edir. O, f\u0259rdi komp\u00fcterl\u0259rin vacib elementl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. \u018fm\u0259liyyat sistemi komp\u00fcter yand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qda i\u015f\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n, komp\u00fcterin b\u00fct\u00fcn hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin tam bir v\u0259hd\u0259t hal\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259sini t\u0259min ed\u0259n v\u0259 informasiyan\u0131 idar\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259n proqramlar sistemidir.
\n\u018fm\u0259liyyat sisteminin k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259:
\n\u2022 komp\u00fcterl\u0259 istifad\u0259\u00e7i aras\u0131nda dialoq yaran\u0131r;
\n\u2022 operativ v\u0259 daimi yadda\u015f qur\u011fular\u0131 i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131n\u0131r;
\n\u2022 komp\u00fcter idar\u0259 olunur;
\n\u2022 ist\u0259nil\u0259n proqram yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 s.
\nVaxtil\u0259 IBM PC tipli komp\u00fcterl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Microsoft firmas\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 MS-DOS \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunurdu. Bu \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n istifad\u0259\u00e7i yaln\u0131z konkret bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni h\u0259ll ed\u0259 bil\u0259rdi. Haz\u0131rda f\u0259rdi komp\u00fcterl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7oxtap\u015f\u0131r\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur
\n\u2013 f\u0259rdi komp\u00fcterl\u0259rin yadda\u015f\u0131nda eyni zamanda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 proqram v\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r olur ki, mikroprosessor komp\u00fcterin resurslar\u0131n\u0131 onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bel\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259rin\u0259 misal olaraq OS\/2, MacOS, UNIX, Linux, Windows XP, Windows Vista v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u0259m\u0259liyyat sisteml\u0259rini misal g\u00f6s t\u0259r m\u0259k olar.
\nSistem proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n dig\u0259r vacib hiss\u0259sini\u00a0xidm\u0259ti proqramlar \u2013 utilitl\u0259r<\/strong>\u00a0(lat. \u201cutilitas\u201d \u2013 xeyir, fayda) t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Onlar \u0259m\u0259liyyat sistemini tamamlay\u0131r v\u0259 onun imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, m\u00fcst\u0259qil olaraq bir \u00e7ox vacib m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 h\u0259ll edir. Utilitl\u0259rin b\u0259zi n\u00f6vl\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:
\n\u2022 interfeys proqramlar\u0131;
\n\u2022 antivirus proqramlar\u0131;
\n\u2022 arxivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 proqramlar\u0131;
\n\u2022 proqram \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259ri;
\n\u2022 komp\u00fcter qur\u011fular\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f qabiliyy\u0259tini yoxlayan proqramlar;
\n\u2022 qur\u011fular\u0131n i\u015fini idar\u0259 ed\u0259n proqramlar (drayverl\u0259r) v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n

T\u0259tbiqi proqramlar.\u00a0<\/strong>
\n\u0130nsan f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 aid m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan proqram t\u0259minat\u0131na t\u0259tbiqi proqramlar deyilir. \u0130ndiki zamanda f\u0259rdi komp\u00fcterl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi proqramlar i\u015fl\u0259nib haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onlardan \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 olunanlar bunlard\u0131r:
\n\u2022 m\u0259tn redaktorlar\u0131 (prosessorlar\u0131);
\n\u2022 c\u0259dv\u0259l veril\u0259nl\u0259rinin emal\u0131 proqramlar\u0131 \u2013 elektron c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259r;
\n\u2022 n\u0259\u015friyyat sisteml\u0259ri;
\n\u2022 veril\u0259nl\u0259r bazas\u0131n\u0131n idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 sisteml\u0259ri;
\n\u2022 t\u0259qdimatlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 proqramlar\u0131;
\n\u2022 qrafik redaktorlar;
\n\u2022 veril\u0259nl\u0259rin statistik t\u0259hlili proqramlar\u0131;
\n\u2022 komp\u00fcter oyunlar\u0131, \u00f6yr\u0259dici proqramlar v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n

Proqramla\u015fd\u0131rma al\u0259tl\u0259ri.\u00a0<\/strong>
\nBu sinf\u0259 aid olan proqramlar sistem v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi proqram t\u0259minat\u0131n\u0131 yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015fdur. Proqram t\u0259minat\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Basic, C++, Pascal v\u0259 b. proqramla\u015fd\u0131rma dill\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox t\u0259hsil m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 u\u015faqlara proqramla\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn LOGO dilind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif: KAYZEN<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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